NDLI: Farming and public goods production in Caenorhabditis elegans populations

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Farming and public goods production in Caenorhabditis elegans populations

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Thutupalli, Shashi Stone, Howard A. Tarnita, Corina E. Brangwynne, Clifford P. Levin, Simon A. Uppaluri, Sravanti Constable, George W. A.
Description	Author Affiliation: Thutupalli S ( Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544); Uppaluri S ( Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.); Constable GW ( Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544); Levin SA ( Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.); Stone HA ( Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.); Tarnita CE ( Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.); Brangwynne CP ( Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.);
Abstract	The ecological and evolutionary dynamics of populations are shaped by the strategies they use to produce and use resources. However, our understanding of the interplay between the genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors driving these strategies is limited. Here, we report on a Caenorhabditis elegans–Escherichia coli (worm–bacteria) experimental system in which the worm-foraging behavior leads to a redistribution of the bacterial food source, resulting in a growth advantage for both organisms, similar to that achieved via farming. We show experimentally and theoretically that the increased resource growth represents a public good that can benefit all other consumers, regardless of whether or not they are producers. Mutant worms that cannot farm bacteria benefit from farming by other worms in direct proportion to the fraction of farmers in the worm population. The farming behavior can therefore be exploited if it is associated with either energetic or survival costs. However, when the individuals compete for resources with their own type, these costs can result in an increased population density. Altogether, our findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism of public good production resulting from the foraging behavior of C. elegans, which has important population-level consequences. This powerful system may provide broad insight into exploration–exploitation tradeoffs, the resultant ecoevolutionary dynamics, and the underlying genetic and neurobehavioral driving forces of multispecies interactions.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	9
Volume Number	114
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2017-02-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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