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The role of working memory and divided attention in metaphor interpretation.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Iskandar, Sam Baird, Anne D.
Description	Author Affiliation: Iskandar S ( Psychology Department, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON , N9B 3P4, Canada, iskandas@uwindsor.ca.)
Abstract	Although several types of figurative language exist, neuropsychological tests of non-literal language have focused on proverbs. Metaphors in the form X is (a) Y (e.g., The body's immunological response is a battle against disease.) place a lower demand on language skills and are more easily manipulated for novelty than proverbs. Forty healthy participants completed the Metaphor Interpretation Test (developed by the authors). The task includes 20 items chosen from a list of metaphors that were rated on several scales (e.g. imagery, aptness) in a study by Katz et al. (Metaphor Symb Act 3(4):191-214, 1988). Participants were asked to rate the familiarity and provide an explanation of each metaphor. A scoring system was developed to categorize answers into: abstract complete (AC), abstract partial (AP), concrete (CT), and other/unrelated (OT) types. Participants also completed short-term memory and divided attention tests. Overall, participants produced 56 % AC, 25.38 % AP, 7.88 % CT, and 10.88 % OT responses. It was found that a measure of verbal short-term memory span was the best predictor of performance on this task (adjusted R(2) = .369). It appears that short-term memory span, not working memory or divided attention, contributes most to providing abstract responses in explaining metaphors. This is in line with the idea that when one accesses the semantic network associated with a novel metaphor, one must hold this information in mind long enough to search for and link similar cognitive networks.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	00906905
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	43
e-ISSN	15736555
Journal	Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
Language	English
Publisher	Springer
Publisher Date	2014-10-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Psychology Attention Physiology Comprehension Memory, Short-term Metaphor Adult Female Humans Language Male Middle Aged Neuropsychological Tests Young Adult Journal Article
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Linguistics and Language

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