NDLI: Hippocampal mossy fiber leu-enkephalin immunoreactivity in female rats is significantly altered following both acute and chronic stress.

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Hippocampal mossy fiber leu-enkephalin immunoreactivity in female rats is significantly altered following both acute and chronic stress.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Pierce, Joseph P. Kelter, David T. McEwen, Bruce S. Waters, Elizabeth M. Milner, Teresa A.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Pierce JP ( Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, United States.); Kelter DT ( Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, United States.); McEwen BS ( Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States.); Waters EM ( Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States.); Milner TA ( Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, United States)
Abstract	Research indicates that responses to stress are sexually dimorphic, particularly in regard to learning and memory processes: while males display impaired cognitive performance and hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cell dendritic remodeling following chronic stress, females exhibit enhanced performance and no remodeling. Leu-enkephalin, an endogenous opioid peptide found in the hippocampal mossy fiber pathway, plays a critical role in mediating synaptic plasticity at the mossy fiber-CA3 pyramidal cell synapse. Estrogen is known to influence the expression of leu-enkephalin in the mossy fibers of females, with leu-enkephalin levels being highest at proestrus and estrus, when estrogen levels are elevated. Since stress is also known to alter the expression of leu-enkephalin in various brain regions, this study was designed to determine whether acute or chronic stress had an effect on mossy fiber leu-enkephalin levels in females or males, through the application of correlated quantitative light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. Both acute and chronic stress eliminated the estrogen-dependence of leu-enkephalin levels across the estrous cycle in females, but had no effect on male levels. However, following acute stress leu-enkephalin levels in females were consistently lowered to values comparable to the lowest control values, while following chronic stress they were consistently elevated to values comparable to the highest control values. Ultrastructural changes in leu-enkephalin labeled dense core vesicles paralleled light microscopic observations, with acute stress inducing a decrease in leu-enkephalin labeled dense core vesicles, and chronic stress inducing an increase in leu-enkephalin labeled dense-core vesicles in females. These findings suggest that alterations in leu-enkephalin levels following stress could play an important role in the sex-specific responses that females display in learning processes, including those important in addiction.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	08910618
e-ISSN	18736300
DOI	10.1016/j.jchemneu.2013.10.004
Journal	Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
Volume Number	55
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2014-01-01
Publisher Place	Netherlands
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Neurology Discipline Chemistry Discipline Anatomy Enkephalin, Leucine Metabolism Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal Stress, Physiological Physiology Stress, Psychological Animals Dendrites Estrous Cycle Immunohistochemistry Rats, Sprague-dawley Sex Factors Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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HIPPOCAMPAL MOSSY FIBER LEU-ENKEPHALIN IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN FEMALE RATS IS SIGNIFICANTLY ALTERED FOLLOWING BOTH ACUTE AND CHRONIC STRESS

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Hippocampal mossy fiber leu-enkephalin immunoreactivity in female rats is significantly altered following both acute and chronic stress.

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HIPPOCAMPAL MOSSY FIBER LEU-ENKEPHALIN IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN FEMALE RATS IS SIGNIFICANTLY ALTERED FOLLOWING BOTH ACUTE AND CHRONIC STRESS

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