NDLI: Genetic and molecular analysis of the central and peripheral circadian clockwork of mice.

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Genetic and molecular analysis of the central and peripheral circadian clockwork of mice.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Maywood, E. S. O'Neill, J. S. Reddy, A. B. Chesham, J. E. Prosser, H. M. Kyriacou, C. P. Godinho, S. I. H. Nolan, P. M. Hastings, M. H.
Description	Country affiliation: United kingdom Author Affiliation: Maywood ES ( Division of Neurobiology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom.)
Abstract	A hierarchy of interacting, tissue-based clocks controls circadian physiology and behavior in mammals. Preeminent are the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN): central hypothalamic pacemakers synchronized to solar time via retinal afferents and in turn responsible for internal synchronization of other clocks present in major organ systems. The SCN and peripheral clocks share essentially the same cellular timing mechanism. This consists of autoregulatory transcriptional/posttranslational feedback loops in which the Period (Per) and Cryptochrome (Cry) 'clock' genes are negatively regulated by their protein products. Here, we review recent studies directed at understanding the molecular and cellular bases to the mammalian clock. At the cellular level, we demonstrate the role of F-box protein Fbxl3 (characterized by the afterhours mutation) in directing the proteasomal degradation of Cry and thereby controlling negative feedback and circadian period of the molecular loops. Within SCN neural circuitry, we describe how neuropeptidergic signaling by VIP synchronizes and sustains the cellular clocks. At the hypothalamic level, signaling via a different SCN neuropeptide, prokineticin, is not required for pacemaking but is necessary for control of circadian behavior. Finally, we consider how metabolic pathways are coordinated in time, focusing on liver function and the role of glucocorticoid signals in driving the circadian transcriptome and proteome.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	00917451
e-ISSN	19434456
Journal	Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
Volume Number	72
Language	English
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Publisher Date	2007-01-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Biology Circadian Rhythm Genetics Physiology Animals Gene Expression Profiling Liver Mice Mice, Knockout Models, Biological Mutation Neuropeptides Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex Metabolism Proteome Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type Ii Deficiency Signal Transduction Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Biochemistry Molecular Biology

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