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Modeling possible effects of atypical cerebellar processing on eyeblink conditioning in autism.

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Modeling possible effects of atypical cerebellar processing on eyeblink conditioning in autism.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Radell, Milen L. Mercado, Eduardo
Description	Author Affiliation: Radell ML ( Department of Psychology, Park Hall, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York, NY, 14260, USA, mlradell@buffalo.edu.)
Abstract	Autism is unique among other disorders in that acquisition of conditioned eyeblink responses is enhanced in children, occurring in a fraction of the trials required for control participants. The timing of learned responses is, however, atypical. Two animal models of autism display a similar phenotype. Researchers have hypothesized that these differences in conditioning reflect cerebellar abnormalities. The present study used computer simulations of the cerebellar cortex, including inhibition by the molecular layer interneurons, to more closely examine whether atypical cerebellar processing can account for faster conditioning in individuals with autism. In particular, the effects of inhibitory levels on delay eyeblink conditioning were simulated, as were the effects of learning-related synaptic changes at either parallel fibers or ascending branch synapses from granule cells to Purkinje cells. Results from these simulations predict that whether molecular layer inhibition results in an enhancement or an impairment of acquisition, or changes in timing, may depend on (1) the sources of inhibition, (2) the levels of inhibition, and (3) the locations of learning-related changes (parallel vs. ascending branch synapses). Overall, the simulations predict that a disruption in the balance or an overall increase of inhibition within the cerebellar cortex may contribute to atypical eyeblink conditioning in children with autism and in animal models of autism.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15307026
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	14
e-ISSN	1531135X
Journal	Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience
Language	English
Publisher	Springer
Publisher Date	2014-09-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Behavioral Sciences Discipline Neurology Autistic Disorder Pathology Physiopathology Blinking Physiology Cerebellum Conditioning (psychology) Models, Neurological Acoustic Stimulation Adaptation, Physiological Computer Simulation Humans Nerve Net Neural Inhibition Neurons Reaction Time Time Factors Journal Article Research Support, U.s. Gov't, Non-p.h.s.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cognitive Neuroscience Behavioral Neuroscience

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