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Working memory deficits in boys with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): An examination of orthographic coding and episodic buffer processes.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Alderson, R. Matt Kasper, Lisa J. Patros, Connor H. G. Hudec, Kristen L. Tarle, Stephanie J. Lea, Sarah E.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Alderson RM ( a Department of Psychology , Oklahoma State University , Stillwater , Oklahoma , USA.)
Abstract	The episodic buffer component of working memory was examined in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and typically developing peers (TD). Thirty-two children (ADHD = 16, TD = 16) completed three versions of a phonological working memory task that varied with regard to stimulus presentation modality (auditory, visual, or dual auditory and visual), as well as a visuospatial task. Children with ADHD experienced the largest magnitude working memory deficits when phonological stimuli were presented via a unimodal, auditory format. Their performance improved during visual and dual modality conditions but remained significantly below the performance of children in the TD group. In contrast, the TD group did not exhibit performance differences between the auditory- and visual-phonological conditions but recalled significantly more stimuli during the dual-phonological condition. Furthermore, relative to TD children, children with ADHD recalled disproportionately fewer phonological stimuli as set sizes increased, regardless of presentation modality. Finally, an examination of working memory components indicated that the largest magnitude between-group difference was associated with the central executive. Collectively, these findings suggest that ADHD-related working memory deficits reflect a combination of impaired central executive and phonological storage/rehearsal processes, as well as an impaired ability to benefit from bound multimodal information processed by the episodic buffer.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	09297049
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	21
e-ISSN	17444136
Journal	Child Neuropsychology
Language	English
Publisher	Taylor & Francis
Publisher Date	2015-01-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Neurology Discipline Psychology Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity Complications Memory Disorders Memory, Short-term Attention Case-control Studies Child Humans Male Memory, Episodic Neuropsychological Tests Psychomotor Performance Reaction Time Space Perception Visual Perception Journal Article
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Developmental and Educational Psychology Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

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