NDLI: Diversity of bacteria and archaea from a landfill in Chandigarh, India as revealed by culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular approaches.

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Diversity of bacteria and archaea from a landfill in Chandigarh, India as revealed by culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular approaches.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Krishnamurthi, S. Chakrabarti, T.
Spatial Coverage	India
Description	Country affiliation: India Author Affiliation: Krishnamurthi S ( Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India. skmurthi_2000@yahoo.co.uk)
Abstract	The bacterial community structure of a municipal landfill in Chandigarh, India was analysed by culture-dependent as well as culture-independent molecular approaches, and archaeal structure by the latter method. Samples were collected in two phases from the surface and a depth of 0.91 m in June, 2004 and from 0.91 m, 1.52 m and 1.68 m in May, 2005. After serial dilutions, samples were plated onto tryptic soy agar (TSA), plate count agar (PCA), tryptic soy broth agar (TSBA) and TSBA100 (TSBA diluted 100 times and solidified with agarose), and incubated aerobically at 30°C. The number of bacteria (CFU) on different media ranged between 9.4×105gâ »¹ (on PCA) and 1.9×107gâ »¹ (on TSA) (wet weight). The numbers of bacteria enumerated from plates incubated anaerobically (anaerobic agar and reinforced clostridial agar) were 2.1×107and 1.7×106gâ »¹, respectively. Of the 468 isolated and purified bacteria (183 in the first phase and 285 in the second phase), 135 were characterised using phenotypic characteristics as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. It was found that members of the phylum Firmicutes were overwhelmingly predominant (86.6%) in the landfill, followed by Actinobacteria (9.6%) and Proteobacteria (3.7%). Among the Firmicutes, at least 17 species from the single genus Bacillus were the most abundant inhabitants of the landfill. Detailed polyphasic characterisation of many of these isolates led to the discovery of a novel genus Paenisporosarcina (and the species P. quisquiliarum), a novel species of Microbacterium, M. immunditiarum, and reclassification of Sporosarcina macmurdoensis, Pelagibacillus goriensis, Bacillus silvestris, Bacillus insolitus, Bacillus psychrotolerans and Bacillus psychrodurans. Culture-independent analysis of two 16S rRNA gene libraries also revealed that the phylum Firmicutes was the predominant group in this community. The diversity of Archaea was found to be limited mainly to members of two orders: Methanosarcinales and Methanomicrobiales of the phylum Euryarchaeota. When these results were compared to those reported earlier on similar studies, it was found that irrespective of differences in composition of municipal solid waste (especially compostable organic matter and paper) and climate, the members of bacterial and archaeal communities in landfills of many countries remained broadly similar.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	07232020
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	36
e-ISSN	16180984
Journal	Systematic and Applied Microbiology
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2013-02-01
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Microbiology Archaea Classification Isolation & Purification Bacteria Biodiversity Soil Microbiology Genetics Growth & Development Bacterial Typing Techniques Cluster Analysis Colony Count, Microbial Dna, Bacterial Chemistry Dna, Ribosomal India Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Rna, Ribosomal, 16s Sequence Analysis, Dna Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Microbiology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

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