NDLI: Inhalation cancer risk assessment of hexavalent chromium based on updated mortality for Painesville chromate production workers.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Proctor, Deborah M. Suh, Mina Mittal, Liz Hirsch, Shawn Valdes Salgado, Raydel Bartlett, Chris Van Landingham, Cynthia Rohr, Annette Crump, Kenny
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Proctor DM ( ToxStrategies, Mission Viejo, California, USA.); Suh M ( ToxStrategies, Mission Viejo, California, USA.); Mittal L ( ToxStrategies, Katy, Texas, USA.); Hirsch S ( SciMetrika, Durham, North Carolina, USA.); Valdes Salgado R ( SciMetrika, Durham, North Carolina, USA.); Bartlett C ( SciMetrika, Durham, North Carolina, USA.); Van Landingham C ( Ramboll Environ, Monroe, Louisiana, USA.); Rohr A ( Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, USA.); Crump K ( Kenny Crump, Ruston, Louisiana, USA.)
Abstract	The exposure-response for hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI))-induced lung cancer among workers of the Painesville Ohio chromate production facility has been used internationally for quantitative risk assessment of environmental and occupational exposures to airborne Cr(VI). We updated the mortality of 714 Painesville workers (including 198 short-term workers) through December 2011, reconstructed exposures, and conducted exposure-response modeling using Poisson and Cox regressions to provide quantitative lung cancer risk estimates. The average length of follow-up was 34.4 years with 24,535 person-years at risk. Lung cancer was significantly increased for the cohort (standardized mortality ratio (SMR)=186; 95% confidence interval (CI) 145-228), for those hired before 1959, those with >30-year tenure, and those with cumulative exposure >1.41 mg/m(3)-years or highest monthly exposures >0.26 mg/m(3). Of the models assessed, the linear Cox model with unlagged cumulative exposure provided the best fit and was preferred. Smoking and age at hire were also significant predictors of lung cancer mortality. Adjusting for these variables, the occupational unit risk was 0.00166 (95% CI 0.000713-0.00349), and the environmental unit risk was 0.00832 (95% CI 0.00359-0.0174), which are 20% and 15% lower, respectively, than values developed in a previous study of this cohort.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15590631
e-ISSN	1559064X
DOI	10.1038/jes.2015.77
Journal	Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	26
Language	English
Publisher	Macmillan Publishers Limited
Publisher Date	2016-03-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Health Discipline Epidemiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pollution Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Toxicology Epidemiology

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