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Effects of occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on urinary metabolites of neurotransmitters: A cross-sectional and longitudinal perspective.

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Effects of occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on urinary metabolites of neurotransmitters: A cross-sectional and longitudinal perspective.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Putschögl, Franziska Maria Gaum, Petra Maria Schettgen, Thomas Kraus, Thomas Gube, Monika Lang, Jessica
Description	Author Affiliation: Putschögl FM ( Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Germany. Electronic address: franziska.putschoegl@rwth-aachen.de.); Gaum PM ( Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.); Schettgen T ( Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.); Kraus T ( Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.); Gube M ( Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.); Lang J ( Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.)
Abstract	BACKGROUND: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are chemicals which were used for industrial purposes and are known to induce various adverse health effects. They are also known to be neurotoxic and numerous targets within the central nervous system have been identified in previous studies. Specifically, the neurotransmitters dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) are influenced by PCBs as indicated in studies involving animals. However, limited evidence has been published documenting PCB induced changes in the neurotransmitter system in humans. OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we examined the association between a higher PCB body burden following occupational exposure and possible changes in human neurotransmitter metabolites. METHODS: Within a medical surveillance programme called HELPcB (Health Effects in High-Level Exposure to PCB) that monitors adverse health effects of occupational PCB exposure, urine samples were obtained (n(T1) = 166; n(T2) = 177 and n(T3) = 141). The urinary concentrations of the metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA; for DA) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA; for NE) were analyzed. Blood samples were obtained by vena puncture in order to determine the internal exposure to PCBs with human biomonitoring. RESULTS: A cross-sectional analysis indicated a significant negative effect of PCB exposure on HVA and VMA. Longitudinally, an initially higher exposure to higher chlorinated PCBs was followed by constant reduced HVA level over three consecutive years. Exploratory analyses show different long-term effects for different PCBs according to their chlorination degree. A higher exposure with lower chlorinated PCBs leads to an increase of VMA and HVA. Conversely, a higher exposure to all PCBs results in a reduction of HVA. CONCLUSION: This study, to our knowledge, is the first to document changes in neurotransmitter metabolites after occupational PCB exposure in humans. This finding advances evidence obtained from past research, and identifies one potential pathomechanism in the central dopaminergic system of humans.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14384639
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	218
e-ISSN	1618131X
Journal	International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2015-07-01
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Health Dopamine Urine Homovanillic Acid Neurotransmitter Agents Occupational Exposure Adverse Effects Polychlorinated Biphenyls Vanilmandelic Acid Adolescent Adult Aged Cross-sectional Studies Environmental Monitoring Female Humans Longitudinal Studies Male Middle Aged Norepinephrine Young Adult Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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Effects of occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on urinary metabolites of neurotransmitters: A cross-sectional and longitudinal perspective.