NDLI: A methodology for ecosystem-scale modeling of selenium.

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A methodology for ecosystem-scale modeling of selenium.

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A methodology for ecosystem-scale modeling of selenium.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Presser, Theresa S. Luoma, Samuel N.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Presser TS ( US Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA. tpresser@usgs.gov)
Abstract	The main route of exposure for selenium (Se) is dietary, yet regulations lack biologically based protocols for evaluations of risk. We propose here an ecosystem-scale model that conceptualizes and quantifies the variables that determine how Se is processed from water through diet to predators. This approach uses biogeochemical and physiological factors from laboratory and field studies and considers loading, speciation, transformation to particulate material, bioavailability, bioaccumulation in invertebrates, and trophic transfer to predators. Validation of the model is through data sets from 29 historic and recent field case studies of Se-exposed sites. The model links Se concentrations across media (water, particulate, tissue of different food web species). It can be used to forecast toxicity under different management or regulatory proposals or as a methodology for translating a fish-tissue (or other predator tissue) Se concentration guideline to a dissolved Se concentration. The model illustrates some critical aspects of implementing a tissue criterion: 1) the choice of fish species determines the food web through which Se should be modeled, 2) the choice of food web is critical because the particulate material to prey kinetics of bioaccumulation differs widely among invertebrates, 3) the characterization of the type and phase of particulate material is important to quantifying Se exposure to prey through the base of the food web, and 4) the metric describing partitioning between particulate material and dissolved Se concentrations allows determination of a site-specific dissolved Se concentration that would be responsible for that fish body burden in the specific environment. The linked approach illustrates that environmentally safe dissolved Se concentrations will differ among ecosystems depending on the ecological pathways and biogeochemical conditions in that system. Uncertainties and model sensitivities can be directly illustrated by varying exposure scenarios based on site-specific knowledge. The model can also be used to facilitate site-specific regulation and to present generic comparisons to illustrate limitations imposed by ecosystem setting and inhabitants. Used optimally, the model provides a tool for framing a site-specific ecological problem or occurrence of Se exposure, quantify exposure within that ecosystem, and narrow uncertainties about how to protect it by understanding the specifics of the underlying system ecology, biogeochemistry, and hydrology.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15513777
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	6
e-ISSN	15513793
Journal	Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC)
Publisher Date	2010-10-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Health Ecosystem Environmental Monitoring Methods Environmental Pollutants Toxicity Models, Theoretical Selenium Animals Behavior, Animal Biological Availability Birds Metabolism Analysis Pharmacokinetics Fishes Food Chain Reproducibility Of Results Risk Assessment Uncertainty Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Research Support, U.s. Gov't, Non-p.h.s.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geography, Planning and Development Medicine Environmental Science

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