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Maternal postpartum depressive symptoms and infant externalizing and internalizing behaviors.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Vafai, Yassaman Steinberg, Julia R. Shenassa, Edmond D.
Description	Author Affiliation: Vafai Y ( Maternal and Child Health Program, Department of Family Science, School of Public Health, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, USA. Electronic address: yvafai@umd.edu.); Steinberg JR ( Maternal and Child Health Program, Department of Family Science, School of Public Health, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, USA.); Shenassa ED ( Maternal and Child Health Program, Department of Family Science, School of Public Health, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, USA)
Abstract	Maternal postpartum depression has been shown to be one of the main predictors of externalizing and internalizing behaviors in toddlers and adolescents. Research suggests that presence of such behaviors can be observed as early as infancy. The current study uses longitudinal data from 247 mothers to examine the relationship between postpartum depressive symptoms at 8 weeks and the infant's externalizing and internalizing behaviors at 12 months. In unadjusted linear regression models, there were associations between postpartum depressive symptoms and infant externalizing behaviors (ß=0.082, SE=0.032, p=0.012) and internalizing behaviors (ß=0.111, SE=0.037, p=0.003). After controlling for potential confounding factors, including maternal age, race, education, home ownership, smoking status in the postpartum period, marital status, parenting stress, and happiness from becoming a parent, the associations between postpartum depressive symptoms and infant externalizing (ß=0.051, SE=0.034, p=0.138) and internalizing behaviors (ß=0.077, SE=0.040, p=0.057) were reduced and became non-significant. Furthermore, in these models the total amount of variance explained was 17.2% (p<0.0001) for externalizing behaviors and 10.5% (p<0.01) for internalizing behaviors; the only significant predictor of externalizing behaviors was maternal age (ß=-0.074, SE=0.030, p=0.014), and of internalizing behaviors was white non-Hispanic ethnicity (ß=-1.33, SE=0.378, p=0.0005). A combined effect of the confounding factors seems to explain the finding of no significant independent association between postpartum depressive symptoms and infant externalizing and internalizing behaviors.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	01636383
Volume Number	42
e-ISSN	19348800
Journal	Infant Behavior and Development
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2016-02-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Behavioral Sciences Discipline Pediatrics Depression, Postpartum Epidemiology Expressed Emotion Infant Behavior Psychology Internal-external Control Postpartum Period Adult Child, Preschool Ethnic Groups Statistics & Numerical Data Female Humans Infant Longitudinal Studies Male Mothers Parenting Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Research Support, U.s. Gov't, P.h.s.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Developmental and Educational Psychology

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