NDLI: Sublingual administration of detomidine to calves prior to disbudding: a comparison with the intravenous route.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Hokkanen, Ann-Helena Raekallio, Marja R. Salla, Kati Hänninen, Laura Viitasaari, Elina Norring, Marianna Raussi, Satu Rinne, Valtteri M. Scheinin, Mika Vainio, Outi M.
Description	Country affiliation: Finland Author Affiliation: Hokkanen AH ( Department of Production Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.)
Abstract	OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of oromucosal detomidine gel administered sublingually to calves prior to disbudding, and to compare its efficacy with intravenously (IV) administered detomidine. STUDY DESIGN: Randomised, prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Twenty dairy calves aged 12.4 ± 4.4days (mean ± SD), weight 50.5 ± 9.0 kg. METHODS: Detomidine at 80 µg kg(-1) was administered to ten calves sublingually (GEL) and at 30 µg kg(-1) to ten control calves IV (V. jugularis). Meloxicam (0.5 mg kg(-1) ) and local anaesthetic (lidocaine 3 mg kg(-1) ) were administered before heat cauterization of horn buds. Heart rate (HR), body temperature and clinical sedation were monitored over 240 minutes. Blood was collected from the V. cephalica during the same period for drug concentration analysis. Pharmacokinetic variables were calculated from the plasma detomidine concentration-time data using non-compartmental methods. Statistical analyses compared routes of administration by Student's t-test and linear mixed models as relevant. RESULTS: The maximum plasma detomidine concentration after GEL was 2.1 ± 1.2 ng mL(-1) (mean ±SD) and the time of maximum concentration was 66.0 ± 36.9 minutes. The bioavailability of detomidine was approximately 34% with GEL. Similar sedation scores were reached in both groups after administration of detomidine, but maximal sedation was reached earlier in the IV group (10 minutes) than in the GEL group (40 minutes). HR was lower after IV than GEL from 5 to 10 minutes after administration. All animals were adequately sedated, and we were able to administer local anaesthetic without resistance to all of the calves before disbudding. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Oromucosally administered detomidine is an effective sedative agent for calves prior to disbudding.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14672987
e-ISSN	14672995
DOI	10.1111/vaa.12150
Journal	Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	41
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2014-07-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Veterinary Medicine Discipline Anesthesiology Cattle Diseases Prevention & Control Horns Surgery Hypnotics And Sedatives Pharmacology Imidazoles Pain, Postoperative Veterinary Administration, Sublingual Animals Body Temperature Conscious Sedation Gels Heart Rate Administration & Dosage Blood Pharmacokinetics Injections, Intravenous Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Veterinary

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Sublingual administration of detomidine to calves prior to disbudding: a comparison with the intravenous route

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