NDLI: Candida profiles and antifungal resistance evolution over a decade in Lebanon.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Araj, George Farah Asmar, Rima George Avedissian, Aline Zakaria
Spatial Coverage	Lebanon
Description	Country affiliation: Lebanon Author Affiliation: Araj GF ( American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. garaj@aub.edu.lb.)
Abstract	INTRODUCTION: Infection with and antifungal resistance of Candida species have been on the rise globally. Relevant data on these pathogens are relatively few in our region, including Lebanon, thus warranting this study. METHODOLOGY: This retrospective study of Candida spp. profiles and their in vitro antifungal susceptibility was based on analysis requests for 186 Candida non-albicans and 61 C. albicans during three periods (2005-2007, 2009-2011, and 2012-2014) over the span of the last 10 years at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), a major tertiary care center in Lebanon. Identification of Candida was done using the API 20C AUX system, and the E-test was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antifungal agents. RESULTS: Among the 1,300-1,500 Candida isolates recovered yearly, C. albicans rates decreased from 86% in 2005 to around 60% in 2014. Simultaneously, the non-albicans rates increased from 14% in 2005 to around 40% in 2014, revealing 11 species, the most frequent of which were C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis. All these demonstrated high resistance (35%-79%) against itraconazole, but remained uniformly susceptible (100%) to amphotericin B. Though C. albicans and the other species maintained high susceptibility against fluconazole and voriconazole, their MIC90 showed an elevated trend over time, and C. glabrata had the highest resistance rates. CONCLUSIONS: The observed rise in resistance among Candida spp. in Lebanon mandates the need for close surveillance and monitoring of antifungal drug resistance for both epidemiologic and treatment purposes.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	20366590
Issue Number	9
Volume Number	9
e-ISSN	19722680
Journal	The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Language	English
Publisher Date	2015-09-27
Publisher Place	Italy
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Discipline Communicable Diseases Antifungal Agents Pharmacology Candida Classification Drug Effects Candidiasis Microbiology Drug Resistance, Fungal Isolation & Purification Epidemiology Humans Lebanon Microbial Sensitivity Tests Prevalence Retrospective Studies Journal Article
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Virology Parasitology Microbiology

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