NDLI: Training transfer: scientific background and insights for practical application.

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Training transfer: scientific background and insights for practical application.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Issurin, Vladimir B.
Description	Country affiliation: Israel Author Affiliation: Issurin VB ( Elite Sport Department, Wingate Institute, 42902, Netanya, Israel. v_issurin@hotmail.com)
Abstract	Training transfer as an enduring, multilateral, and practically important problem encompasses a large body of research findings and experience, which characterize the process by which improving performance in certain exercises/tasks can affect the performance in alternative exercises or motor tasks. This problem is of paramount importance for the theory of training and for all aspects of its application in practice. Ultimately, training transfer determines how useful or useless each given exercise is for the targeted athletic performance. The methodological background of training transfer encompasses basic concepts related to transfer modality, i.e., positive, neutral, and negative; the generalization of training responses and their persistence over time; factors affecting training transfer such as personality, motivation, social environment, etc. Training transfer in sport is clearly differentiated with regard to the enhancement of motor skills and the development of motor abilities. The studies of bilateral skill transfer have shown cross-transfer effects following one-limb training associated with neural adaptations at cortical, subcortical, spinal, and segmental levels. Implementation of advanced sport technologies such as motor imagery, biofeedback, and exercising in artificial environments can facilitate and reinforce training transfer from appropriate motor tasks to targeted athletic performance. Training transfer of motor abilities has been studied with regard to contralateral effects following one limb training, cross-transfer induced by arm or leg training, the impact of strength/power training on the preparedness of endurance athletes, and the impact of endurance workloads on strength/power performance. The extensive research findings characterizing the interactions of these workloads have shown positive transfer, or its absence, depending on whether the combinations conform to sport-specific demands and physiological adaptations. Finally, cross-training as a form of concurrent exercising in different athletic disciplines has been examined in reference to the enhancement of general fitness, the preparation of recreational athletes, and the preparation of athletes for multi-sport activities such as triathlon, duathlon, etc.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	01121642
Issue Number	8
Journal	Sports Medicine
Volume Number	43
e-ISSN	11792035
Language	English
Publisher	Springer
Publisher Date	2013-08-01
Publisher Place	New Zealand (Aotearoa)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Sports Medicine Adaptation, Physiological Athletic Performance Physiology Physical Fitness Sports Medicine Education Humans Journal Article Review
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation Sports Science

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