NDLI: Patterns of drug abuse among drug users with regular and irregular attendance for treatment as detected by comprehensive UHPLC-HR-TOF-MS.

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Patterns of drug abuse among drug users with regular and irregular attendance for treatment as detected by comprehensive UHPLC-HR-TOF-MS.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Sundström, Mira Pelander, Anna Simojoki, Kaarlo Ojanperä, Ilkka
Description	Country affiliation: Finland Author Affiliation: Sundström M ( University of Helsinki, Department of Forensic Medicine, P.O. Box 40, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.); Pelander A ( University of Helsinki, Department of Forensic Medicine, P.O. Box 40, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.); Simojoki K ( A-Clinic Foundation, Maistraatinportti 2, 00240, Helsinki, Finland.); Ojanperä I ( Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.)
Abstract	The most severe consequences of drug abuse include infectious diseases, overdoses, and drug-related deaths. As the range of toxicologically relevant compounds is continually changing due to the emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS), laboratories are encountering analytical challenges. Current immunoassays are insufficient for determining the whole range of the drugs abused, and a broad-spectrum screening method is therefore needed. Here, the patterns of drug abuse in two groups of drug users were studied from urine samples using a comprehensive screening method based on high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The two groups comprised drug abusers undergoing opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) or drug withdrawal therapy and routinely visiting a rehabilitation clinic, and drug abusers with irregular attendance at a harm reduction unit (HRU) and suspected of potential NPS abuse. Polydrug abuse was observed in both groups, but was more pronounced among the HRU subjects with a mean number of concurrent drugs per sample of 3.9, whereas among the regularly treated subjects the corresponding number was 2.1. NPS and pregabalin were more frequent among HRU subjects, and their abuse was always related to drug co-use. The most common drug combination for an HRU subject included amphetamine, cannabis, buprenorphine, benzodiazepine, and alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone. A typical set of drugs for treated subjects was buprenorphine, benzodiazepine, and occasionally amphetamine. Abuse of several concurrent drugs poses a higher risk of drug intoxication and a threat of premature termination of OMT. Since the subjects attending treatment used fewer concurrent drugs, this treatment could be valuable in reducing polydrug abuse.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	19427603
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	8
e-ISSN	19427611
Journal	Drug Testing and Analysis
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley
Publisher Date	2016-01-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Pharmacology Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Methods Street Drugs Urine Substance Abuse Detection Adult Aged Female Humans Male Middle Aged Psychotropic Drugs Substance-related Disorders Drug Therapy Young Adult Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Spectroscopy Environmental Chemistry Analytical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Science

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