NDLI: Diesel exhaust particles and airway inflammation.

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Diesel exhaust particles and airway inflammation.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Ghio, Andrew J. Smith, Candice B. Madden, Michael C.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Ghio AJ ( Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. ghio.andy@epa.gov)
Abstract	PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Epidemiologic investigation has associated traffic-related air pollution with adverse human health outcomes. The capacity of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs), a major emission source air pollution particle, to initiate an airway inflammation has subsequently been investigated. We review the recent controlled human exposures to diesel exhaust and DEPs, and summarize the investigations into the associations between this emission source air pollution particle and airway inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS: Using bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial biopsies, and sputum collection, studies have demonstrated inflammation in the airways of healthy individuals after exposure to diesel exhaust and DEPs. This inflammation has included neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, and lymphocytes. Elevated expression and concentrations of inflammatory mediators have similarly been observed in the respiratory tract after diesel exhaust and DEP exposure. An increased sensitivity of asthmatic individuals to the proinflammatory effects of DEPs has not been confirmed. SUMMARY: Inflammation after diesel exhaust and DEP exposure is evident at higher concentrations only; there appears to be a threshold dose for DEPs approximating 300âµg/m. The lack of a biological response to DEPs at lower concentrations may reflect a contribution of gaseous constituents or interactions between DEPs and gaseous air pollutants to the human inflammatory response and function loss.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	10705287
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	18
e-ISSN	15316971
Journal	Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
Language	English
Publisher	Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Publisher Date	2012-03-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Pulmonary Medicine Air Pollutants Adverse Effects Asthma Etiology Bronchitis Inflammation Mediators Metabolism Inhalation Exposure Vehicle Emissions Toxicity Air Pollution Pathology Biopsy Bronchoalveolar Lavage Female Humans Male Sputum Journal Article Review
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

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