NDLI: Influence of maternal toxicity on the outcome of developmental toxicity studies.

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Influence of maternal toxicity on the outcome of developmental toxicity studies.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Paumgartten, Francisco J. R.
Spatial Coverage	Brazil
Description	Country affiliation: Brazil Author Affiliation: Paumgartten FJ ( Laboratorio de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. paum@ensp.fiocruz.br)
Abstract	The relevance of fetal abnormalities noted at maternally toxic doses is a long-standing issue regarding the interpretation of findings of segment II studies. A number of diseases and conditions during pregnancy are known to adversely affect embryo/fetal development, and along this line many scientists believe that any marked disturbance of maternal homeostasis produced by chemical exposure may eventually produce a teratogenic effect. Although there is little doubt that developmental toxicity may be maternally mediated, the notion that, in principle, any maternal toxicity leads to birth defects is disputed. When embryotoxicity is noted only within the maternally toxic dose range, it is not possible to ascertain whether it is in fact maternally mediated or not (i.e., embryo development may have been impaired by a direct action of the chemical at doses that also adversely affect the mother; in these circumstances it would still be a selective developmental toxicant). However, currently, a chemical is not regarded as a 'developmental toxicant' (or 'teratogenic agent') if embryotoxicity is apparent only at doses that are also toxic to the mother. In the European Union, developmental hazard identification exerts a strong influence on the classification and labeling of chemicals. In Brazil, registration of any pesticide that proved to be teratogenic in animal studies is strictly forbidden by law (Pesticide Law, Federal Law 7.802, 1989). Therefore, interpretation of findings from developmental toxicity studies in light of maternal toxicity is particularly relevant to regulatory agencies, and becomes even more important when labeling or cutoff decision-making criteria are adopted regarding teratogenicity.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15287394
Issue Number	13-14
Volume Number	73
e-ISSN	10872620
Journal	Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A
Language	English
Publisher	Taylor & Francis
Publisher Date	2010-01-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Health Discipline Toxicology Environmental Exposure Legislation & Jurisprudence Environmental Pollutants Toxicity Maternal Exposure Teratogens Brazil Female Humans Adverse Effects Maternal-fetal Exchange No-observed-adverse-effect Level Pregnancy Classification Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Toxicology

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