NDLI: Assessment of radionuclide and metal contamination in a thorium rich area in Norway.

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Assessment of radionuclide and metal contamination in a thorium rich area in Norway.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Popic, Jelena Mrdakovic Salbu, Brit Strand, Terje Skipperud, Lindis
Spatial Coverage	Norway
Description	Country affiliation: Norway Author Affiliation: Popic JM ( Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1432 Ås, Norway. jelena.mrdakovic.popic@umb.no)
Abstract	The Fen Central Complex in southern Norway, a geologically well investigated area of magmatic carbonatite rocks, is assumed to be among the world largest natural reservoirs of thorium ((232)Th). These rocks, also rich in iron (Fe), niobium (Nb), uranium ((238)U) and rare earth elements (REE), were mined in several past centuries. Waste locations, giving rise to enhanced levels of both radionuclides and metals, are now situated in the area. Estimation of radionuclide and metal contamination of the environment and radiological risk assessment were done in this study. The average outdoor gamma dose rate measured in Fen, 2.71 µGy h(-1), was significantly higher than the world average dose rate of 0.059 µGy h(-1). The annual exposure dose from terrestrial gamma radiation, related to outdoor occupancy, was in the range 0.18-9.82 mSv. The total activity concentrations of (232)Th and (238)U in soil ranged from 69 to 6581 and from 49 to 130 Bq kg(-1), respectively. Enhanced concentrations were also identified for metals, arsenic (As), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and zinc (Zn), in the vicinity of former mining sites. Both radionuclide and heavy metal concentrations suggested leaching, mobilization and distribution from rocks into the soil. Correlation analysis indicated different origins for (232)Th and (238)U, but same or similar for (232)Th and metals As, Cr, Zn, nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd). The results from in situ size fractionation of water demonstrated radionuclides predominately present as colloids and low molecular mass (LMM) species, being potentially mobile and available for uptake in aquatic organisms of Norsjø Lake. Transfer factors, calculated for different plant species, showed the highest radionuclide accumulation in mosses and lichens. Uptake in trees was, as expected, lower. Relationship analysis of (232)Th and (238)U concentrations in moss and soil samples showed a significant positive linear correlation.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14640325
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	13
e-ISSN	14640333
Journal	Journal of Environmental Monitoring
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Publisher Date	2011-06-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Health Metals Analysis Soil Pollutants Thorium Environmental Exposure Fresh Water Chemistry Iron Niobium Norway Plants Radiation Dosage Radioisotopes Uranium Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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