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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Di Sabatino, Antonio Vanoli, Alessandro Giuffrida, Paolo Luinetti, Ombretta Solcia, Enrico Corazza, Gino Roberto |
| Description | Country affiliation: Italy Author Affiliation: Di Sabatino A ( First Department of Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. a.disabatino@smatteo.pv.it) |
| Abstract | Celiac disease is a chronic small bowel disorder caused by an abnormal immune response to an array of epitopes of wheat gluten and related proteins of rye and barley in genetically susceptible individuals who express the HLA-DQ2/-DQ8 haplotype. Gluten peptides are efficiently presented by celiac disease-specific HLA-DQ2- and HLA-DQ8-positive antigen presenting cells to CD4(+) T-cells that, once activated, drive a T helper cell type 1 response leading to the development of the typical celiac lesion-villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia and intraepithelial and lamina propria infiltration of inflammatory cells. Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is a calcium dependent ubiquitous enzyme which catalyses posttranslational modification of proteins and is released from cells during inflammation. tTG is suggested to exert at least two crucial roles in celiac disease: as a deamidating enzyme, that can enhance the immunostimulatory effect of gluten, and as a target autoantigen in the immune response. Since glutamine-rich gliadin peptides are excellent substrates for tTG, and the resulting deamidated and thus negatively charged peptides have much higher affinity for the HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 molecules, the action of tTG is believed to be a key step in the pathogenesis of celiac disease. This review is focused on the function of tTG in celiac disease, although it also deals with novel advances in tTG-based therapies. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 15689972 |
| Issue Number | 10 |
| Volume Number | 11 |
| e-ISSN | 18730183 |
| Journal | Autoimmunity Reviews |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2012-08-01 |
| Publisher Place | Netherlands |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Immunology Celiac Disease Enzymology Immunology Gtp-binding Proteins Physiology Transglutaminases Autoantigens Metabolism Catalysis Pathology Drug Delivery Systems Homeostasis Humans Neurodegenerative Diseases Substrate Specificity Journal Article Review |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Immunology and Allergy Immunology |
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