| Content Provider |
World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
| Author |
Iwegbue, Chukwujindu M. A. Bassey, Francisca I. Tesi, Godswill O. Onyeloni, Sunday O. Obi, Grace Martincigh, Bice S. |
| Spatial Coverage |
Nigeria |
| Description |
Author Affiliation: Iwegbue CM ( Metals and Trace Organics Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria); Bassey FI ( Department of Chemistry, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross-Rivers State, Nigeria.); Tesi GO ( Metals and Trace Organics Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria.); Onyeloni SO ( Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria.); Obi G ( Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Petroleum Resource, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria.); Martincigh BS ( School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.) |
| Abstract |
The concentrations of ten metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn and Al) were measured in some commonly used moisturizing and skin-lightening creams in Nigeria with a view to providing information on the risk of exposure to metals from the use of these products. The metal concentrations in these products were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry after acid digestion of the samples. The measured concentrations of metals in the skin moisturizing creams ranged from <0.15 to 6.3 µg/g Cd, <0.02 to 17.5 µg/g Cu, 2.25 to 6.25 µg/g Cr, <0.25 to 124.3 µg/g Al, 0.2 to 7.3 µg/g Pb, <0.03 to 10.7 µg/g Ni, 17.3 to 372.0 µg/g Zn, <0.02 to 1.0 µg/g Co, 17.75 to 28.8 µg/g Mn, <0.1 to 89.8 µg/g Fe while the concentrations of metals in the skin-lightening products ranged from <0.15 to 16.5 µg/g Cd, <0.02 to 10.0 µg/g Cu, 4.25 to 8.0 µg/g Cr, <0.25 to 128.0 µg/g Al, 0.5 to 4.5 µg/g Pb, <0.03 to 1.65 µg/g Ni, 24.7 to 267.5 µg/g Zn, <0.02 to 2.5 µg/g for Co, 19.3 to 31.8 µg/g Mn, 9.5 to 211.63 µg/g Fe. In a significant number (>93%) of the samples investigated the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Ni and Co were below the specified limit, or the maximal limit for impurities in colour additives in cosmetics for external use. However, Cr was found at concentrations above the allergenic limit of 1 µg/g. The results also showed that skin-lightening creams contained higher concentrations of the studied metals than the moisturizing creams, except for Ni, which indicates that persons who uses skin-lightening creams in preference to moisturizing ones, are exposed to higher concentrations of metals. |
| File Format |
HTM / HTML |
| ISSN |
02732300 |
| Issue Number |
3 |
| Volume Number |
71 |
| e-ISSN |
10960295 |
| Journal |
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology |
| Language |
English |
| Publisher |
Elsevier |
| Publisher Date |
2015-04-01 |
| Publisher Place |
Netherlands |
| Access Restriction |
One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword |
Discipline Pharmacology Metals Analysis Skin Cream Skin Lightening Preparations Dermatitis, Contact Etiology Humans Adverse Effects Nigeria Risk Assessment Risk Factors Spectrophotometry, Atomic Journal Article |
| Content Type |
Text |
| Resource Type |
Article |
| Subject |
Medicine Toxicology |
