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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Tolhurst, Stephen R. Vanderhave, Kelly L. Caird, Michelle S. Garton, Hugh L. Graziano, Gregory P. Maher, Cormac O. Hensinger, Robert N. Farley, Frances A. |
| Description | Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Tolhurst SR ( Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.) |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: The incidence of cervical vascular injury (CVI) after blunt cervical trauma in children and adolescents is low. Potential harm from missed injury is high. Screening for CVI has increased with advances in noninvasive angiography, including computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). We attempt to characterize CVI in children and adolescents and evaluate the utility of advanced imaging in CVI screening in this patient population. METHODS: Clinical and radiographic records of consecutive patients aged 4 to 18 years with blunt cervical spine trauma from 1998 to 2008 were reviewed. Patient demographics, injury pattern, neurological findings, and treatment were recorded. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients were identified. Nineteen underwent screening to evaluate for CVI, including 12 males and 7 females, mean age 13.5 years. The most common mechanism of injury was motor vehicle collision (n=11). Seven patients underwent MRA, 7 CTA, 3 had both studies, and 2 had traditional angiography. Seven patients had CVI, with an overall incidence of 11.5%. High-risk criteria (fracture extension to transverse foramina, fracture/dislocations or severe subluxations, or C1-C3 injury) were associated with increased rates of CVI. Neurological injury was found in 12/19 patients screened and 6/7 patients with CVI. Two of 7 patients underwent anticoagulation due to documented CVI. No delayed-onset ischemic neurological events occurred. CONCLUSIONS: After blunt cervical spine trauma, certain fracture patterns increase the risk of CVI. CVI is common, with a minimum incidence of 7/61 or >10% of pediatric patients with blunt cervical spine injury. Over 1/4 of patients studied on the basis of high-risk criteria had injury. Advanced imaging with noninvasive angiography (CTA/MRA) should be strongly considered in pediatric patients with cervical spine trauma. The presence of CVI may prompt a change in management. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV-retrospective diagnostic study. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 02716798 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 33 |
| e-ISSN | 15392570 |
| Journal | Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
| Publisher Date | 2013-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Orthopedics Cervical Vertebrae Injuries Magnetic Resonance Angiography Multiple Trauma Diagnosis Tomography, X-ray Computed Vascular System Injuries Etiology Vertebral Artery Wounds, Nonpenetrating Complications Adolescent Child Child, Preschool Female Humans Male Neck Retrospective Studies Journal Article |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health |
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