NDLI: Assessing the effectiveness of a constructed Arctic stream using multiple biological attributes.

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Assessing the effectiveness of a constructed Arctic stream using multiple biological attributes.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Jones, Nicholas E. Scrimgeour, Garry J. Tonn, William M.
Spatial Coverage	Arctic Regions
Description	Author Affiliation: Jones NE ( River and Stream Ecology Lab, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Trent University, DNA Building 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, Canada K9J 7B8. nicholas.jones@ontario.ca)
Abstract	Objective assessment of habitat compensation is a central yet challenging issue for restoration ecologists. In 1997, a 3.4-km stream channel, designed to divert water around an open pit diamond mine, was excavated in the Barrenlands region of the Canadian Arctic to create productive stream habitat. We evaluated the initial success of this compensation program by comparing multiple biological attributes of the constructed stream during its first three years to those of natural reference streams in the area. The riparian zone of the constructed stream was largely devoid of vegetation throughout the period, in contrast to the densely vegetated zones of reference streams. The constructed stream also contained lower amounts of woody debris, coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM), and epilithon; had lower coverage by macrophytes and bryophytes; and processed leaf litter at a lower rate than reference streams. Species richness and densities of macroinvertebrates were consistently lower in the constructed stream compared to natural streams. This contributed to differences in macroinvertebrate assemblage structure throughout the period, although assemblages showed some convergence by year 3. The effectiveness of the constructed stream to emulate natural streams varied somewhat depending on the biological attribute being evaluated. Assessments based on individual attributes showed that minimal to moderate levels of similarity between the constructed stream and natural streams were achieved. A collective assessment of all biological and ecosystem attributes suggested that the constructed stream was not a good surrogate for natural streams during these first years. Additional time would be required before many characteristics of the constructed stream would resemble those of reference streams. Because initial efforts to improve fish habitat in the constructed stream focused on physical structures (e.g., weirs, vanes, rock, groins), ecological factors limiting fish growth were not considered and likely constrained success. We suggest that a greater focus on organic characteristics and vegetation within the stream and its riparian zone could have accelerated compensation. The addition of woody debris and CPOM, combined with planting of shrubs and herbs along the stream, should provide a source of allochthonous matter for the biotic community while large cobble and boulders should improve the physical stability of stream system, protecting its organic components.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	0364152X
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	42
e-ISSN	14321009
Journal	Environmental Management
Language	English
Publisher	Springer
Publisher Date	2008-12-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Health Biodiversity Biomass Conservation Of Natural Resources Methods Ecosystem Invertebrates Growth & Development Rivers Animals Arctic Regions Environmental Monitoring Population Density Population Dynamics Time Factors Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Pollution Global and Planetary Change

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