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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Adrover-Roig, Daniel Barceló, Francisco |
| Description | Country affiliation: Spain Author Affiliation: Adrover-Roig D ( Clinical Neuropsychology, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Spain.) |
| Abstract | This study aimed to explore the combined influence of age and cognitive control on the behavioural and electrophysiological indicators of local, restart and mixing costs. Two groups of middle-aged (49-60 y.o., N=40) and older (61-80 y.o., N=40) adults were split according to their overall z-score in a composite of six neuropsychological measures of executive function. All participants performed a task-cueing version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) adapted for measuring event-related potentials, whereby tonal cues instructed to switch or repeat the task rule. A single-task condition with identical sensory and motor response demands was used to aid interpretation of behavioural and brain responses to cues and target events. Working memory updating of stimulus-response mappings, as putatively indexed by local switch costs and cue-locked P3 activity (350-460 msec post-cue onset), was preserved in both older and low control adults. In turn, low control adults showed larger restart costs and enhanced cue-locked P2 amplitudes (190-250 msec) in the task-switching condition only, suggesting lesser preparatory control in the presence of interference. Low control adults showed comparatively larger mixing costs and smaller cue-locked fronto-central slow negativities (500-700 msec), suggesting an inefficient online maintenance of task-set information over time. In contrast, target-locked brain responses were mostly sensitive to age-related effects, with older adults showing two well-known effects: (1) an 'anterior shift' in target P3 activity (350-460 msec), and (2) an attenuation of fronto-central slow negativities in single-task and task-switching conditions, respectively. The additive association found between age and cognitive control for different behavioural indexes of task-switch costs suggests a differential influence of these factors upon two successive information processing stages: individual differences in cognitive control mainly influenced the neural indexes of preparatory task-set activation and maintenance, whereas age-related effects influenced the neural indexes of target response selection and task execution. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 00109452 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| Volume Number | 46 |
| e-ISSN | 19738102 |
| Journal | Cortex |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2010-04-01 |
| Publisher Place | Italy |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Neuroscience Discipline Cognitive Science Discipline Neuropsychology Discipline Neurology Discipline Psychology Aging Physiology Brain Cognition Executive Function Memory, Short-term Aged Aged, 80 And Over Cues Electroencephalography Event-related Potentials, P300 Evoked Potentials Female Humans Male Middle Aged Neural Pathways Neuropsychological Tests Reaction Time Time Factors Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Neurology Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Cognitive Neuroscience Developmental and Educational Psychology Neurology (clinical) Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology |
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