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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Starkenmann, Christian Mayenzet, Fabienne Brauchli, Robert Troccaz, Myriam |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Starkenmann C ( Firmenich SA, Corporate R&D Division, 1 Route des Jeunes, P.O. Box 239, CH-1211 Geneva-8, (phone: +41-22-7803477) |
| Abstract | 5α-Androst-16-en-3α-ol (α-androstenol) is an important contributor to human axilla sweat odor. It is assumed that α-andostenol is excreted from the apocrine glands via a $H_{2}O-soluble$ conjugate, and this precursor was formally characterized in this study for the first time in human sweat. The possible $H_{2}O-soluble$ precursors, sulfate and glucuronide derivatives, were synthesized as analytical standards, i.e., α-androstenol, β-androstenol sulfates, 5α-androsta-5,16-dien-3β-ol (β-androstadienol) sulfate, α-androstenol β-glucuronide, α-androstenol α-glucuronide, β-androstadienol β-glucuronide, and α-androstenol β-glucuronide furanose. The occurrence of α-androstenol β-glucuronide was established by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)/MS (heated electrospray ionization (HESI)) in negative-ion mode in pooled human sweat, containing eccrine and apocrine secretions and collected from 25 female and 24 male underarms. Its concentration was of 79 ng/ml in female secretions and 241 ng/ml in male secretions. The release of α-androstenol was observed after incubation of the sterile human sweat or α-androstenol β-glucuronide with a commercial glucuronidase enzyme, the urine-isolated bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae, and the skin bacteria Staphylococcus warneri DSM 20316, Staphylococcus haemolyticus DSM 20263, and Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 6919, reported to have β-glucuronidase activities. We demonstrated that if α- and β-androstenols and androstadienol sulfates were present in human sweat, their concentrations would be too low to be considered as potential precursors of malodors; therefore, the $H_{2}O-soluble$ precursor of α-androstenol in apocrine secretion should be a β-glucuronide. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 16121872 |
| Issue Number | 12 |
| Volume Number | 10 |
| e-ISSN | 16121880 |
| Journal | Chemistry & Biodiversity |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Wiley |
| Publisher Date | 2013-12-01 |
| Publisher Place | Switzerland |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Biochemistry Discipline Chemistry Androstenols Analysis Chemistry Glucuronides Sweat Metabolism Apocrine Glands Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Eccrine Glands Female Glucuronidase Gram-positive Bacteria Humans Male Odors Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization Journal Article |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Chemistry Medicine Molecular Biology Biochemistry Molecular Medicine Bioengineering |
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