NDLI: Inactivation of the dorsal raphé nucleus reduces the anxiogenic response of rats running an alley for intravenous cocaine.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Ettenberg, Aaron Ofer, Oren A. Mueller, Carl L. Waldroup, Stephanie Cohen, Ami Ben-Shahar, Osnat
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Ettenberg A ( Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93109-9660, USA. Ettenberg@psych.ucsb.edu)
Abstract	Rats traversing a straight alley once a day for delivery of a single i.v. injection of cocaine develop over trials an ambivalence about entering the goal box. This ambivalence is characterized by the increasing occurrence of 'retreat behaviors' where animals leave the start box and run quickly to the goal box, but then stop at the entry point and 'retreat' back toward the start box. This unique pattern of retreat behavior has been shown to reflect a form of 'approach-avoidance conflict' that stems from the animals' concurrent positive (cocaine reward) and negative (cocaine-induced anxiety) associations with the goal box. Cocaine blocks reuptake of the serotonergic (5-HT) transporter and serotonin has been implicated in the modulation of anxiety. It was therefore of interest to determine whether inactivation of the serotonergic cell bodies residing in the dorsal raphé nucleus (DRN) and projecting to brain areas critical for the modulation of anxiety, would alter the anxiogenic state exhibited by rats running an alley for single daily i.v. injections of 1.0mg/kg cocaine. Reversible inactivation of the DRN was accomplished by intracranial application of a mixed solution of the GABA agonists baclofen and muscimol. While DRN inactivation had no impact on the subjects' motivation to initiate responding (i.e., latencies to leave the start box were unaffected) it reliably reduced the frequency of approach-avoidance retreat behaviors (conflict behavior). These data suggest that inactivation of the dorsal raphé reduces the conflict/anxiety otherwise present in experienced cocaine-seeking animals.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	00913057
e-ISSN	18735177
DOI	10.1016/j.pbb.2010.11.008
Journal	Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	97
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2011-02-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Behavioral Sciences Discipline Biochemistry Discipline Pharmacology Anxiety Physiopathology Cocaine Administration & Dosage Motivation Raphe Nuclei Physiology Animals Behavior, Animal Injections, Intravenous Drug Effects Rats, Sprague-dawley Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biological Psychiatry Behavioral Neuroscience Biochemistry Clinical Biochemistry Toxicology Pharmacology

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Inactivation of the Dorsal Raphé Nucleus Reduces the Anxiogenic Response of Rats Running an Alley for Intravenous Cocaine

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Inactivation of the Dorsal Raphé Nucleus Reduces the Anxiogenic Response of Rats Running an Alley for Intravenous Cocaine

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