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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Madianos, Phoebus N. Bobetsis, Yiorgos A. Offenbacher, Steven |
| Description | Country affiliation: Greece Author Affiliation: Madianos PN ( Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. pmadian@dent.uoa.gr) |
| Abstract | AIM: To evaluate the evidence on potential biological pathways underlying the possible association between periodontal disease (PD) and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). MATERIAL & METHODS: Human, experimental and in vitro studies were evaluated. RESULTS: Periodontal pathogens/byproducts may reach the placenta and spread to the foetal circulation and amniotic fluid. Their presence in the foeto-placental compartment can stimulate a foetal immune/inflammatory response characterized by the production of IgM antibodies against the pathogens and the secretion of elevated levels of inflammatory mediators, which in turn may cause miscarriage or premature birth. Moreover, infection/inflammation may cause placental structural changes leading to pre-eclampsia and impaired nutrient transport causing low birthweight. Foetal exposure may also result in tissue damage, increasing the risk for perinatal mortality/morbidity. Finally, the elicited systemic inflammatory response may exacerbate local inflammatory responses at the foeto-placental unit and further increase the risk for APOs. CONCLUSIONS: Further investigation is still necessary to fully translate the findings of basic research into clinical studies and practice. Understanding the systemic virulence potential of the individual's oral microbiome and immune response may be a distinctly different issue from categorizing the nature of the challenge using clinical signs of PD. Therefore, a more personalized targeted therapy could be a more predictive answer to the current 'one-size-fits-all' interventions. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 00223492 |
| Issue Number | 4 Suppl |
| Volume Number | 84 |
| e-ISSN | 19433670 |
| Journal | Journal of Periodontology |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Academy of Periodontology |
| Publisher Date | 2013-04-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Dentistry Periodontal Diseases Pregnancy Outcome Female Gingival Diseases Humans Infant, Low Birth Weight Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications Premature Birth Journal Article |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Periodontics |
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