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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Brennan, Barbara J. Xu, Zhi-Xin Grippo, Joseph F. |
| Description | Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Brennan BJ ( Hoffmann-La Roche Inc, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, USA. barbara.brennan@roche.com) |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Interferon (IFN)-based therapy is the recommended treatment for hepatitis C virus. Because pegylated IFN (PEG-IFN) alfa-2a is administered subcutaneously, it is of interest to determine the proportion of the dose that is absorbed from the subcutaneous (SC) tissue and ultimately reaches systemic circulation. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to characterize the absolute bioavailability of PEG-IFN alfa-2a (40 kDa) after SC dosing (180 µg) and to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of PEG-IFN alfa-2a after intravenous (IV) and SC administration. METHODS: In this parallel-group study, 18 participants were given a single IV dose of PEG-IFN alfa-2a 90 µg and 18 participants received PEG-IFN alfa-2a 180 µg SC. Serum concentrations of PEG-IFN alfa-2a were measured predose and serially until 312 hours after the first dose. Pharmacokinetic parameters (CL/F, volume of distribution, C(max), and T(max)) were estimated using noncompartmental methods. Bioavailability was calculated by using the following formula: (AUC(SC)/AUC(IV)) · (dose(IV)/dose(SC)). RESULTS: Eighteen healthy males received IV PEG-IFN alfa-2a, and an additional 18 healthy males received SC PEG-IFN alfa-2a. Subjects in each group had comparable mean weight, height, and body mass index. After IV administration of PEG-IFN alfa-2a (90 µg), there was a slow decline in serum concentration, the mean rate of systemic clearance was low at 126 mL/h, and the estimated mean volume of distribution at steady state was 9 L. After SC administration of PEG-IFN alfa-2a 180 µg, absorption was sustained, with mean T(max) occurring 102 hours after administration. The mean absolute bioavailability was 84%. A higher rate of influenza-like symptoms was observed after IV administration, along with decreased neutrophil counts, compared with subjects who underwent SC dosing. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 84% of a SC-administered dose of PEG-IFN alfa-2a reached the systemic circulation in these male healthy volunteers. The slow absorption, restricted distribution, and slow elimination of PEG-IFN alfa-2a resulted in sustained serum levels throughout the 7-day dosing interval. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 01492918 |
| Issue Number | 9 |
| Volume Number | 34 |
| e-ISSN | 1879114X |
| Journal | Clinical Therapeutics |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2012-09-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Pharmacology Antiviral Agents Pharmacokinetics Interferon-alpha Polyethylene Glycols Adult Administration & Dosage Area Under Curve Biological Availability Humans Injections, Intravenous Injections, Subcutaneous Male Middle Aged Recombinant Proteins Tissue Distribution Young Adult Comparative Study Journal Article Randomized Controlled Trial |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Pharmacology Pharmacology (medical) |
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