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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Constantino, John N. Zhang, Yi Frazier, Thomas Abbacchi, Anna M. Law, Paul |
| Spatial Coverage | United States |
| Description | Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Constantino JN ( Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. constantino@wustl.edu) |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: Although the symptoms of autism exhibit quantitative distributions in nature, estimates of recurrence risk in families have never previously considered or incorporated quantitative characterization of the autistic phenotype among siblings. METHOD: The authors report the results of quantitative characterization of 2,920 children from 1,235 families participating in a national volunteer register, with at least one child clinically affected by an autism spectrum disorder and at least one full biological sibling. RESULTS: A traditionally defined autism spectrum disorder in an additional child occurred in 10.9% of the families. An additional 20% of nonautism-affected siblings had a history of language delay, one-half of whom exhibited autistic qualities of speech. Quantitative characterization using the Social Responsiveness Scale supported previously reported aggregation of a wide range of subclinical (quantitative) autistic traits among otherwise unaffected children in multiple-incidence families and a relative absence of quantitative autistic traits among siblings in single-incidence families. Girls whose standardized severity ratings fell above a first percentile severity threshold (relative to the general population distribution) were significantly less likely to have elicited community diagnoses than their male counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that, depending on how it is defined, sibling recurrence in autism spectrum disorder may exceed previously published estimates and varies as a function of family type. The results support differences in mechanisms of genetic transmission between simplex and multiplex autism and advance current understanding of the genetic epidemiology of autism spectrum conditions. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 0002953X |
| e-ISSN | 15357228 |
| DOI | 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09101470 |
| Journal | American Journal of Psychiatry |
| Issue Number | 11 |
| Volume Number | 167 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Psychiatric Association |
| Publisher Date | 2010-11-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Psychiatry Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Genetics Phenotype Adolescent Diagnosis Epidemiology Psychology Child, Preschool Language Development Disorders Molecular Epidemiology Quantitative Trait, Heritable Recurrence Registries Sex Factors Speech Disorders Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Psychiatry and Mental Health |
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