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Therapeutic effect of melatonin in experimental uveitis.

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Therapeutic effect of melatonin in experimental uveitis.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Sande, Pablo Horacio Fernandez, Diego Carlos Aldana Marcos, Hernán Javier Chianelli, Mónica Silvia Aisemberg, Julieta Silberman, Dafne Magalí Sáenz, Daniel Alberto Rosenstein, Ruth Estela
Description	Country affiliation: Argentina Author Affiliation: Sande PH ( Laboratorio de Neuroquímica Retiniana y Oftalmología Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.)
Abstract	Uveitis is a common ophthalmic disorder that can be induced in hamsters by a single intravitreal injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To examine the therapeutic effects of melatonin on uveitis, a pellet of melatonin was implanted subcutaneously 2 hours before the intravitreal injection of either vehicle or LPS. Both 24 hours and 8 days after the injection, inflammatory responses were evaluated in terms of i) the integrity of the blood-ocular barrier, ii) clinical signs, iii) histopathological studies, and iv) retinal function. Melatonin reduced the leakage of proteins and cells in the anterior segment of LPS-injected eyes, decreased clinical signs such as dilation of the iris and conjunctival vessels, and flare in the anterior chamber, and protected the ultrastructure of the blood-ocular barrier. A remarkable disorganization of rod outer segment membranous disks was observed in animals injected with LPS, whereas no morphological changes in photoreceptor outer segments were observed in animals treated with melatonin. Furthermore, melatonin prevented a decrease in LPS-induced electroretinographic activity. In addition, melatonin significantly abrogated the LPS-induced increase in retinal nitric-oxide synthase activity, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and nuclear factor kappaB p50 and p65 subunit levels. These results indicate that melatonin prevents the clinical, biochemical, histological, ultrastructural, and functional consequences of experimental uveitis, likely through a nuclear factor kappaB-dependent mechanism, and support the use of melatonin as a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of uveitis.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	00029440
e-ISSN	15252191
DOI	10.2353/ajpath.2008.080518
Journal	The American Journal of Pathology
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	173
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier (on behalf of the American Society for Investigative Pathology)
Publisher Date	2008-12-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Electroretinography Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Melatonin Cricetinae Cricetulus Implants, Experimental Anatomy & Histology Drug Therapy Discipline Pathology Metabolism Therapeutic Use Chemically Induced Lipopolysaccharides Eye Pathology Animals Immunology Blood-retinal Barrier Uveitis Mesocricetus Disease Models, Animal
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pathology and Forensic Medicine

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