NDLI: Control of the pharyngeal musculature during wakefulness and sleep: implications in normal controls and sleep apnea.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Edwards, Bradley A. White, David P.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Edwards BA ( Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. baedwards@partners.org)
Abstract	Respiration involves the complex coordination of several pump and upper airway/pharyngeal muscles. From a respiratory perspective, the major function of the pharyngeal muscles is to keep the airway patent allowing for airflow in and out of the lung with minimal work by the respiratory pump muscles. The activity of each of the pharyngeal muscles varies depending on its function, but many reduce their activity during sleep. In healthy individuals, these muscles can respond to respiratory stimuli during sleep to prevent airway collapse. However, in individuals with an anatomically small airway, the muscles cannot always compensate for the increased mechanical load. Thus a vulnerable situation in which the airway is prone to collapse may occur with the development of obstructive sleep apnea. This article describes the current understanding regarding the control of the pharyngeal musculature during wakefulness and sleep, as well as the implications for obstructive sleep apnea.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	10433074
e-ISSN	10970347
DOI	10.1002/hed.21841
Journal	Head & Neck
Issue Number	Suppl 1
Volume Number	33
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley
Publisher Date	2011-10-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Respiratory Muscles Pharyngeal Muscles Airway Obstruction Sleep Apnea, Obstructive Physiopathology Discipline General Surgery Wakefulness Physiology Respiratory Mechanics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Otorhinolaryngology

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