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Development of a symmetry index using discrete variables.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Nigg, Sandro Vienneau, Jordyn Maurer, Christian Nigg, Benno M.
Description	Country affiliation: Canada Author Affiliation: Nigg S ( Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. sandro@kin.ucalgary.ca)
Abstract	The objective of this study was to introduce and evaluate a new methodology to quantify lower extremity movement symmetry using data from the stance phase in over-ground running. Seventeen subjects completed five heel-toe over-ground running trials per leg over a force platform at 3.33±0.5ms(-1) with retro-reflective markers on both legs and the pelvis. Thirty kinetic and kinematic variables were collected and 12 were chosen as important variables for calculating symmetry based on low variance of the data and their functional relevance with respect to symmetry. The developed formula uses the integral of the absolute value of the difference between the left and right leg during the stance phase. The results were divided into a sagittal, transverse, and frontal index, as well as a global index for all three planes of motion. This enabled analyses from both general and categorical perspectives, whereby individuals could be identified as symmetrical in one plane and asymmetrical in the other. The new methodology allows for the evaluation of symmetry over the entire stance phase and accounts for time lags between left and right legs. To learn more about symmetry during particular movements, future research should include larger cohorts, use consecutive force platforms, examine the flight phase of running and include subjects that are known to have asymmetrical gait.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	09666362
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	38
e-ISSN	18792219
Journal	Gait & Posture
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2013-05-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Orthopedics Gait Humans Male Foot Joints Gait Disorders, Neurologic Journal Article Physiopathology Hip Joint Young Adult Biomechanical Phenomena Range Of Motion, Articular Knee Joint Models, Biological Running Lower Extremity Adult Female Physiology Diagnosis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Rehabilitation Biophysics Sports Science

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