NDLI: Immunotoxicity of pyrethroid metabolites in an in vitro model.

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Immunotoxicity of pyrethroid metabolites in an in vitro model.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Zhang, Ying Zhao, Meirong Jin, Meiqing Xu, Chao Wang, Cui Liu, Weiping
Description	Author Affiliation: Zhang Y ( MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China.)
Abstract	Risk assessment of man-made chemicals such as pesticides are mainly focused on parent compounds, and relatively little is known about their metabolites, especially with regard to target organ damages such as immunotoxicity. In the present study, the immunotoxicity of five synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) and three common metabolites was evaluated using an in vitro model by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, cytoflow, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell viability and apoptosis assays showed that both SPs and their metabolites possessed cytotoxicity to the monocytic cells. The aldehyde and acid derivatives were more effective than the other compounds at cytotoxicity, with inhibition of cell viability by 56.8 and 50.6% at 10â»5 mol Lâ»¹, and induction of 8.52 and 8.81% cell apoptosis, respectively. Exposure to SPs and their metabolites also led to changes in the secretion levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF ) and interleukins (ILs), and again the metabolites showed stronger effects than the parent compounds. The aldehyde derivative upregulated IL-12p70 level by 1.87-fold, and the alcohol and acid derivative increased the secretion of TNF 5.88 and 7.96-fold, relative to the control group. In the in vitro model, the common metabolites of SPs clearly exerted greater immunotoxic effects to monocytes than the intact parent compounds. Results from the present study suggested the need for considering metabolites in achieving more comprehensive health risk assessment of man-made chemicals, including target organ toxicities such as immunotoxicity.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	07307268
Issue Number	11
Volume Number	29
e-ISSN	15528618
Journal	Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley
Publisher Date	2010-11-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Pyrethrins Cytokines Toxicity Cell Survival Secretion Stereoisomerism Discipline Environmental Health Humans Cells, Cultured Discipline Toxicology Metabolism Drug Effects Journal Article Immunotoxins Chemistry Models, Biological Dose-response Relationship, Drug Discipline Chemistry Molecular Structure Apoptosis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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