NDLI: Low dietary sodium intake increases the death risk in peritoneal dialysis.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Dong, Jie Li, Yanjun Yang, Zhikai Luo, Jianfeng
Description	Author Affiliation: Dong J ( Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China. dongjie@medmail.com.cn)
Abstract	BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To explore the correlation between dietary sodium intake and cardiovascular and overall mortality, and then determine whether this correlation can be explained by protein and energy intake paralleled with sodium intake in dialysis patients. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: This single-center retrospective cohort study enrolled 305 incident patients who started peritoneal dialysis in our unit from July 2002 to February 2007. All patients were followed until death or until being censored in February 2008. Demographic data were collected at baseline. Biochemical, dietary, and nutrition data were examined at baseline and thereafter at regular intervals to calculate the average values throughout the study. RESULTS: Participants with the highest average sodium intake were more likely to be younger, male, and overweight. Patients in the high tertile of average sodium intake had higher albumin, prealbumin, and lean body mass levels, and more nutrient intakes paralleling with sodium intake. Low average sodium intake independently predicted the increased risk for overall and cardiovascular death after adjusting for recognized confounders. Further adjustment for dietary protein, energy, and other nutrient intakes individually had minimal impact on the association between average sodium intake and overall death, with hazard ratios varying between 0.35 and 0.44, and cardiovascular death, with hazard ratios varying between 0.06 and 0.11. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that low dietary sodium intake independently predicts the high overall and cardiovascular mortality in dialysis patients. This correlation could not be entirely explained by deficient protein and energy intake.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15559041
e-ISSN	1555905X
DOI	10.2215/CJN.05410709
Journal	Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	5
Language	English
Publisher	American Society of Nephrology
Publisher Date	2010-02-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Chi-square Distribution Therapy Cardiovascular Diseases Time Factors Etiology Dietary Proteins Diet, Sodium-restricted Nutritional Status Retrospective Studies Adverse Effects Risk Assessment Complications Mortality Risk Factors Proportional Hazards Models Discipline Nephrology Sodium Chloride, Dietary Metabolism Energy Intake Peritoneal Dialysis Energy Metabolism Kidney Failure, Chronic
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Transplantation Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine Nephrology Epidemiology

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