NDLI: Evidence of HIV epidemics among non-injecting drug users in Iran: a systematic review.

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Evidence of HIV epidemics among non-injecting drug users in Iran: a systematic review.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Amin-Esmaeili, Masoumeh Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin Haghdoost, Ali-Akbar Mohraz, Minoo
Spatial Coverage	Iran
Description	Country affiliation: Iran Author Affiliation: Amin-Esmaeili M ( Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran.)
Abstract	AIMS: In Iran, injecting drug users have been recognized as a high-risk group for HIV/AIDS for years. However, evidence of HIV epidemics in non-injecting drug users (non-IDUs) has also been found in recent years. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of HIV in non-IDUs in Iran. METHODS: International and regional databanks, including Pubmed, ISI, CINAHL, ASCI and IMEMR, as well as domestic databanks such as IranPsych, IranMedex SID and research reports were searched, and extensive personal contacts were made. All studies with HIV testing conducted between 1998 and 2007, which included non-IDU subjects, were gathered and their qualities were assessed. HIV prevalence was pooled for each gender and stratified to several categories. The prevalence of HIV in non-IDUs and IDUs was compared using pooled odds ratios in a fixed meta-analysis model. RESULTS: Overall, 10 studies with 2275 non-IDU samples were included. Six of the studies were conducted in prison settings, two in treatment centres, one in a community setting and one in a shelter setting. Four studies were performed in Tehran, the capital city of Iran. The pooled HIV prevalence was 5.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.7-7.4] after 2005, which was significantly higher than the prevalence before 2005 [1.6% (95% CI 1.0-2.3)]. IDUs were 4.36 (95% CI 2.63-7.24) times more likely to be infected with HIV than non-IDUs. CONCLUSION: Iran is facing a major HIV epidemic among non-injecting illicit drug users, which necessitates an urgent preventive response.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	09652140
Issue Number	11
Volume Number	107
e-ISSN	13600443
Journal	Addiction
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley-Blackwell
Publisher Date	2012-11-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Epidemics Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Prevalence Complications Humans Risk Factors Male Hiv Infections Review Discipline Addiction Epidemiology Journal Article Meta-analysis Iran Substance-related Disorders Adult Female Statistics & Numerical Data Prisoners
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Psychiatry and Mental Health

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