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Muscle activation during various hamstring exercises.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	McAllister, Matt J. Hammond, Kelley G. Schilling, Brian K. Ferreria, Lucas C. Reed, Jacob P. Weiss, Lawrence W.
Description	Author Affiliation: McAllister MJ ( Exercise Neuromechanics Laboratory, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee.)
Abstract	The dorsal muscles of the lower torso and extremities have often been denoted the 'posterior chain.' These muscles are used to support the thoracic and lumbar spine and peripheral joints, including the hip, knee, and ankle on the dorsal aspect of the body. This study investigated the relative muscle activity of the hamstring group and selected surrounding musculature during the leg curl, good morning, glute-ham raise, and Romanian deadlift (RDL). Twelve healthy, weight-trained men performed duplicate trials of single repetitions at 85% 1-repetition maximum for each lift in random order, during which surface electromyography and joint angle data were obtained. Repeated measures analysis of variance across the 4 exercises was performed to compare the activity from the erector spinae (ES), gluteus medius (GMed), semitendinosus (ST), biceps femoris (BF), and medial gastrocnemius (MGas). Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were noted in eccentric muscle activity between exercise for the MGas (p < 0.027), ST (p < 0.001), BF (p < 0.001), and ES (p = 0.032), and in concentric muscle activity, for the ES (p < 0.001), BF (p = 0.010), ST (p = 0.009), MGas (p < 0.001), and the GMed (p = 0.018). Bonferroni post hoc analysis revealed significant pairwise differences during eccentric actions for the BF, ST, and MGas. Post hoc analysis also revealed significant pairwise differences during concentric actions for the ES, BF, ST, MGas, and GMed. Each of these showed effect sizes that are large or greater. The main findings of this investigation are that the ST is substantially more active than the BF among all exercises, and hamstring activity was maximized in the RDL and glute-ham raise. Therefore, athletes and coaches who seek to maximize the involvement of the hamstring musculature should consider focusing on the glute-ham raise and RDL.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	10648011
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	28
e-ISSN	15334287
Journal	Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Language	English
Publisher	Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Publisher Date	2014-06-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Sport Sciences Exercise Physiology Leg Muscle, Skeletal Adult Anthropometry Electromyography Exercise Test Humans Male Muscle Contraction Range Of Motion, Articular Journal Article
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation Sports Science

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