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Intracranial biomechanics following cortical contusion in live rats.

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Intracranial biomechanics following cortical contusion in live rats.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Alfasi, Abdulghader M. Shulyakov, Alexander V. Del Bigio, Marc R.
Description	Author Affiliation: Alfasi AM ( Departments of Human Anatomy and Cell Science and.)
Abstract	OBJECT: The goal of this study was to examine the mechanical properties of living rat intracranial contents and corresponding brain structural alterations following parietal cerebral cortex contusion. METHODS: After being anesthetized, young adult rats were subjected to parietal craniotomy followed by cortical contusion using a calibrated weight-drop method. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to visualize the contusion. At the site of contusion, instrumented force-controlled indentation was performed 2 hours to 21 days later on the intact dural surface. The force-deformation (stress-strain) relationship was used to calculate elastic (indentation modulus) and strain changes over time, and constant hold or cyclic stress was used to evaluate viscoelastic deformation. These measurements were followed by histological studies. RESULTS: At contusion sites, the indentation modulus was significantly decreased at 1-3 days and tended to be above control values at 21 days. Multicycle indentation showed that the brain tended to accumulate more strain (an indicator of viscosity) by 1 day after the contusion. Imaging and histological studies showed local edema and hemorrhage at 6 hours to 3 days and accumulation of reactive astrocytes, which began at 3 days and was pronounced by 21 days. CONCLUSIONS: The viscoelastic properties of living rat brain change following contusion. Initially, edema and tissue necrosis occur, and the brain becomes less elastic and less viscous. Later, along with undergoing reactive astroglial changes, the brain tends to become stiffer than normal. These quantitative data, which are related to the physical changes in the brain following trauma and which reflect subjective impressions upon palpation, will be useful for understanding emerging diagnostic tools such as magnetic resonance elastography.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	00223085
e-ISSN	19330693
Journal	Journal of Neurosurgery
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	119
Language	English
Publisher	American Association of Neurological Surgeons
Publisher Date	2013-11-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Neurosurgery Astrocytes Pathology Brain Injuries Parietal Lobe Animals Biomechanical Phenomena Disease Models, Animal Elasticity Physiology Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cytology Injuries Rats, Sprague-dawley Time Factors Viscosity Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology (clinical) Surgery

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