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Alpha-defensins in the prevention of HIV transmission among breastfed infants.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Kuhn, Louise Trabattoni, Daria Kankasa, Chipepo Semrau, Katherine Kasonde, Prisca Lissoni, Francesca Sinkala, Moses Ghosh, Mrinal Vwalika, Cheswa Aldrovandi, Grace M. Thea, Donald M. Clerici, Mario
Spatial Coverage	Zambia
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Kuhn L ( Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. lk24@columbia.edu)
Abstract	Alpha-defensins have been observed to have anti-HIV activity but have not been investigated in relation to mother-to-child HIV transmission. We measured the concentration of alpha-defensins in breast milk of HIV-positive mothers and tested whether the concentrations were associated with HIV transmission. A nested case-control study of 32 HIV-positive women who transmitted HIV to their infants and 52 randomly selected HIV-positive women who did not transmit HIV to their infants was conducted in Lusaka, Zambia. alpha-Defensins were detected in most (79%) of the milk samples tested. Concentrations of alpha-defensins increased as breast milk HIV RNA quantity increased, and breast milk HIV RNA quantity was, in turn, a strong and significant predictor of HIV transmission. After adjustment for milk HIV RNA quantity, however, alpha-defensin concentration was significantly associated with a decreased risk of intrapartum and postnatal HIV transmission (odds ratio = 0.3, 95% confidence interval: 0.09-0.93). Our data suggest that there may be a role for alpha-defensins in prevention of HIV transmission to breastfed infants.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15254135
e-ISSN	10779450
Journal	JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	39
Language	English
Publisher	Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Publisher Date	2005-06-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline AIDS Hiv Infections Prevention & Control Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical Milk, Human Chemistry Virology Alpha-defensins Breast Feeding Cd4 Lymphocyte Count Case-control Studies Transmission Hiv Seropositivity Multivariate Analysis Rna, Viral Genetics Isolation & Purification Zambia Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Research Support, U.s. Gov't, P.h.s.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Pharmacology (medical)

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