NDLI: HIV prevalence and incidence in rural Tanzania: results from 10 years of follow-up in an open-cohort study.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Wambura, Mwita Urassa, Mark Isingo, Raphael Ndege, Milalu Marston, Milly Slaymaker, Emma Mngara, Julius Changalucha, John Boerma, Ties J. Zaba, Basia
Spatial Coverage	Tanzania
Description	Country affiliation: Tanzania Author Affiliation: Wambura M ( National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Branch, Mwanza, Tanzania. wmwita@yahoo.com)
Abstract	BACKGROUND: Tanzanian antenatal clinic surveillance data suggest stabilizing HIV levels. Data from an open cohort in northern Tanzania provide robust estimates of prevalence and incidence. METHODS: Between 1994 and 2004, 19 rounds of household-based demographic surveillance and 4 rounds of individually linked HIV serologic surveys were conducted. Longitudinal knowledge of individuals' testing histories is used to allow for effects of selective participation on prevalence estimates; multiple imputation procedures allow for interval censoring effects on incidence. RESULTS: A total of 16,820 adults donated blood for HIV testing in at least 1 of 4 serologic surveys. HIV prevalence increased steadily from 6.0% in 1994/1995 to 8.3% in 2000/2001, leveling out thereafter. HIV incidence increased sharply from 0.8% in 1994 to 1997 to 1.2% per thousand in 1997 to 2000, remaining high (1.1%) in 2000 to 2003. In roadside areas, incidence fell in the last interval, especially among women, but in remote rural areas, incidence rose slightly. CONCLUSIONS: HIV spread is continuing in rural areas, suggesting a need for more intensive HIV prevention efforts and antiretroviral interventions. The leveling off in prevalence is attributable to a combination of high mortality among HIV-infected persons and a slight decrease in incidence in roadside villages.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15254135
e-ISSN	10779450
Journal	JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	46
Language	English
Publisher	Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Publisher Date	2007-12-15
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline AIDS Hiv Infections Epidemiology Adolescent Rural Population Seroepidemiologic Studies Tanzania Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Pharmacology (medical)

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