NDLI: Effects on growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and levels of extracellular proteins in the green alga Chlorella vulgaris exposed to crude cyanobacterial extracts and pure microcystin and cylindrospermopsin.

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Effects on growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and levels of extracellular proteins in the green alga Chlorella vulgaris exposed to crude cyanobacterial extracts and pure microcystin and cylindrospermopsin.

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Effects on growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and levels of extracellular proteins in the green alga Chlorella vulgaris exposed to crude cyanobacterial extracts and pure microcystin and cylindrospermopsin.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Campos, Alexandre Araújo, Pedro Pinheiro, Carlos Azevedo, Joana Osório, Hugo Vasconcelos, Vitor
Description	Country affiliation: Portugal Author Affiliation: Campos A ( Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Porto, Portugal. acampos@ciimar.up.pt)
Abstract	Toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins have been pointed as important players in the control of phytoplankton diversity and species abundance, causing ecological unbalances and contamination of the environment. In vitro experiments have been undertaken to address the impact of toxic cyanobacteria in green algae. In this regard the aim of this work was to compare the toxicity of two cyanobacteria species, Aphanizomenon ovalisporum and Microcystis aeruginosa, to the green alga Chlorella vulgaris by assessing culture growth when exposed for three and seven days to (I) cyanobacterial cell extracts and (II) pure toxins microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN). The biochemical response of the green alga to pure toxins was also characterized, through the activity of the antioxidant markers glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the expressed extracellular proteins in seven-day exposed cultures. A. ovalisporum crude extracts were toxic to C. vulgaris. Pure toxins up to 179.0 µg/L, on the other hand, stimulated the green alga growth. Growth results suggest that the toxicity of A. ovalisporum extracts is likely due to a synergistic action of CYN and other metabolites produced by the cyanobacterium. Regarding the green alga antioxidant defense mechanism, CYN at 18.4 and 179.0 µg/L increased the activity of GPx and GST while MC-LR inhibited the enzymes' activity at a concentration of 179.0 µg/L demonstrating a contrasting mode of action. Moreover the identification of F-ATPase subunit, adenylate cyclase, sulfate ABC transporter, putative porin, aspartate aminotransferase, methylene-tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase and chlorophyll a binding proteins in the culture medium of C. vulgaris indicates that biochemical processes involved in the transport of metabolites, photosynthesis and amino acid metabolism are affected by cyanobacterial toxins and may contribute to the regulation of green alga growth.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	01476513
Volume Number	94
e-ISSN	10902414
Journal	Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2013-08-01
Publisher Place	Netherlands
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Sciences Bacterial Toxins Toxicity Chlorella Vulgaris Metabolism Marine Toxins Microcystins Uracil Analogs & Derivatives Water Pollutants, Chemical Aphanizomenon Drug Effects Chlorophyll Glutathione Peroxidase Glutathione Transferase Humans Microcystis Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pollution Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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Acute effects of pure cylindrospermopsin on the activity and transcription of antioxidant enzymes in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed by gavage.

Subchronic effects of cyanobacterial cells on the transcription of antioxidant enzyme genes in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

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Effects on growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and levels of extracellular proteins in the green alga Chlorella vulgaris exposed to crude cyanobacterial extracts and pure microcystin and cylindrospermopsin.

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Effects on growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and levels of extracellular proteins in the green alga Chlorella vulgaris exposed to crude cyanobacterial extracts and pure microcystin and cylindrospermopsin.