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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Malt, Eva Albertsen Dahl, Renate Charlotte Haugsand, Trine Marie Ulvestad, Ingebjørg H. Emilsen, Nina Merete Hansen, Børre Cardenas, Yon Eduin Galezo Skøld, Rolf Olof Thorsen, Anne Tove Berge Davidsen, Eva Merete Male |
| Description | Country affiliation: Norway Author Affiliation: Malt EA ( Department of Adult Habilitation, Akershus University Hospital, Norway. emal@ahus.no) |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: The increasing life expectancy of persons with Down syndrome calls for a knowledge of conditions that frequently occur in adults with the syndrome and of which health personnel should be particularly aware. METHOD: The article is based on a literature search in PubMed and the authors' clinical experience with the patient group. RESULTS: Altered immune system function, muscular hypotonia, dysmorphic otolaryngologic features and premature ageing contribute to health problems. The group is susceptible to infections, particularly of the respiratory and the gastrointestinal tract. Congenital heart defects may give rise to symptoms, also in adults. Many also develop mitral valve disease, including those without congenital heart defects. Hypothyroidism develops in up to half, and coeliac disease in one of five. Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome occurs in approximately half. Sensorineural hearing loss and cataract may occur before the age of 30. Atlantoaxial instability occurs, and radiological examination of the neck must take place before intervention under general anaesthesia. Behavioural changes with loss of skills, withdrawal, psychomotoric retardation and mutism occur frequently from the age of 30 and may be symptoms of mental illness or the onset of Alzheimer's dementia. INTERPRETATION: Adults with Down syndrome need to undergo regular medical examinations, and we recommend an annual check-up with the primary doctor. Screening for hearing loss and cataract is also recommended every three and five years, respectively. In the event of concomitant symptoms, particularly related to neurological and psychiatric conditions, the patient can be referred to the habilitation service. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 00292001 |
| e-ISSN | 08077096 |
| Journal | Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| Volume Number | 133 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Norwegian Medical Association |
| Publisher Date | 2013-02-05 |
| Publisher Place | Norway |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Medicine Aging Down Syndrome Complications Aging, Premature Etiology Alzheimer Disease Cataract Celiac Disease Hearing Loss, Sensorineural Heart Defects, Congenital Life Expectancy Sleep Apnea, Obstructive |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Medicine |
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