NDLI: STARCH-EXCESS4 is a laforin-like Phosphoglucan phosphatase required for starch degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Kötting, Oliver Santelia, Diana Edner, Christoph Eicke, Simona Marthaler, Tina Gentry, Matthew S. Comparot-Moss, Sylviane Chen, Jychian Smith, Alison M. Steup, Martin Ritte, Gerhard Zeeman, Samuel C.
Description	Country affiliation: Switzerland Author Affiliation: Kötting O ( Institute of Plant Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland. koliver@ethz.ch)
Abstract	Starch is the major storage carbohydrate in plants. It is comprised of glucans that form semicrystalline granules. Glucan phosphorylation is a prerequisite for normal starch breakdown, but phosphoglucan metabolism is not understood. A putative protein phosphatase encoded at the Starch Excess 4 (SEX4) locus of Arabidopsis thaliana was recently shown to be required for normal starch breakdown. Here, we show that SEX4 is a phosphoglucan phosphatase in vivo and define its role within the starch degradation pathway. SEX4 dephosphorylates both the starch granule surface and soluble phosphoglucans in vitro, and sex4 null mutants accumulate phosphorylated intermediates of starch breakdown. These compounds are linear alpha-1,4-glucans esterified with one or two phosphate groups. They are released from starch granules by the glucan hydrolases alpha-amylase and isoamylase. In vitro experiments show that the rate of starch granule degradation is increased upon simultaneous phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of starch. We propose that glucan phosphorylating enzymes and phosphoglucan phosphatases work in synergy with glucan hydrolases to mediate efficient starch catabolism.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	10404651
e-ISSN	1531298X
DOI	10.1105/tpc.108.064360
Journal	THE PLANT CELL ONLINE
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	21
Language	English
Publisher	American Society of Plant Biologists
Publisher Date	2009-01-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Botany Arabidopsis Proteins Metabolism Arabidopsis Enzymology Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Starch Genetics Carbohydrate Metabolism Dna, Bacterial Glucans Mutagenesis, Insertional Phosphorylation Recombinant Proteins Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Plant Science

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STARCH-EXCESS4 Is a Laforin-Like Phosphoglucan Phosphatase Required for Starch Degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana [W] [OA]

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STARCH-EXCESS4 is a laforin-like Phosphoglucan phosphatase required for starch degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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STARCH-EXCESS4 Is a Laforin-Like Phosphoglucan Phosphatase Required for Starch Degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana [W] [OA]

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STARCH-EXCESS4 is a laforin-like Phosphoglucan phosphatase required for starch degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana.