NDLI: A light-regulated genetic module was recruited to carpel development in Arabidopsis following a structural change to SPATULA.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Reymond, Mathieu C. Brunoud, Géraldine Chauvet, Aurélie Martínez-Garcia, Jaime F. Martin-Magniette, Marie-Laure Monéger, Françoise Scutt, Charles P.
Description	Country affiliation: France Author Affiliation: Reymond MC ( Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5667, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Université de Lyon), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France.)
Abstract	A key innovation of flowering plants is the female reproductive organ, the carpel. Here, we show that a mechanism that regulates carpel margin development in the model flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana was recruited from light-regulated processes. This recruitment followed the loss from the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor SPATULA (SPT) of a domain previously responsible for its negative regulation by phytochrome. We propose that the loss of this domain was a prerequisite for the light-independent expression in female reproductive tissues of a genetic module that also promotes shade avoidance responses in vegetative organs. Striking evidence for this proposition is provided by the restoration of wild-type carpel development to spt mutants by low red/far-red light ratios, simulating vegetation shade, which we show to occur via phytochrome B, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4), and PIF5. Our data illustrate the potential of modular evolutionary events to generate rapid morphological change and thereby provide a molecular basis for neo-Darwinian theories that describe this nongradualist phenomenon. Furthermore, the effects shown here of light quality perception on carpel development lead us to speculate on the potential role of light-regulated mechanisms in plant organs that, like the carpel, form within the shade of surrounding tissues.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	10404651
e-ISSN	1531298X
DOI	10.1105/tpc.112.097915
Journal	THE PLANT CELL ONLINE
Issue Number	7
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	American Society of Plant Biologists
Publisher Date	2012-07-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Botany Arabidopsis Proteins Genetics Arabidopsis Basic Helix-loop-helix Transcription Factors Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Amino Acid Sequence Cytology Growth & Development Radiation Effects Metabolism Evolution, Molecular Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Models, Molecular Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Nucleotide Motifs Phenotype Phylogeny Phytochrome B Plants, Genetically Modified Promoter Regions, Genetic Protein Structure, Tertiary Sequence Analysis, Dna Transcriptome Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Plant Science

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A Light-Regulated Genetic Module Was Recruited to Carpel Development in Arabidopsis following a Structural Change to SPATULA [W]

Regulation of tissue-specific expression of SPATULA, a bHLH gene involved in carpel development, seedling germination, and lateral organ growth in Arabidopsis.

The role of D3-type cyclins is related to cytokinin and the bHLH transcription factor SPATULA in Arabidopsis gynoecium development.

ICE1: a regulator of cold-induced transcriptome and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis

A DELLA in disguise: SPATULA restrains the growth of the developing Arabidopsis seedling.

The TT8 gene encodes a basic helix-loop-helix domain protein required for expression of DFR and BAN genes in Arabidopsis siliques.

INDEHISCENT and SPATULA interact to specify carpel and valve margin tissue and thus promote seed dispersal in Arabidopsis.

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A light-regulated genetic module was recruited to carpel development in Arabidopsis following a structural change to SPATULA.

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A Light-Regulated Genetic Module Was Recruited to Carpel Development in Arabidopsis following a Structural Change to SPATULA [W]

Regulation of tissue-specific expression of SPATULA, a bHLH gene involved in carpel development, seedling germination, and lateral organ growth in Arabidopsis.

The role of D3-type cyclins is related to cytokinin and the bHLH transcription factor SPATULA in Arabidopsis gynoecium development.

ICE1: a regulator of cold-induced transcriptome and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis

A DELLA in disguise: SPATULA restrains the growth of the developing Arabidopsis seedling.

The TT8 gene encodes a basic helix-loop-helix domain protein required for expression of DFR and BAN genes in Arabidopsis siliques.

INDEHISCENT and SPATULA interact to specify carpel and valve margin tissue and thus promote seed dispersal in Arabidopsis.

PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR3 associates with the histone deacetylase HDA15 in repression of chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthesis in etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings.

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A light-regulated genetic module was recruited to carpel development in Arabidopsis following a structural change to SPATULA.