NDLI: Expression of 9-cis-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE4 is essential for thermoinhibition of lettuce seed germination but not for seed development or stress tolerance.

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Expression of 9-cis-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE4 is essential for thermoinhibition of lettuce seed germination but not for seed development or stress tolerance.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Huo, Heqiang Dahal, Peetambar Kunusoth, Keshavulu McCallum, Claire M. Bradford, Kent J.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Huo H ( Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.)
Abstract	Thermoinhibition, or failure of seeds to germinate at warm temperatures, is common in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivars. Using a recombinant inbred line population developed from a lettuce cultivar (Salinas) and thermotolerant Lactuca serriola accession UC96US23 (UC), we previously mapped a quantitative trait locus associated with thermoinhibition of germination to a genomic region containing a gene encoding a key regulated enzyme in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, 9-cis-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE4 (NCED4). NCED4 from either Salinas or UC complements seeds of the Arabidopsis thaliana nced6-1 nced9-1 double mutant by restoring germination thermosensitivity, indicating that both NCED4 genes encode functional proteins. Transgenic expression of Salinas NCED4 in UC seeds resulted in thermoinhibition, whereas silencing of NCED4 in Salinas seeds led to loss of thermoinhibition. Mutations in NCED4 also alleviated thermoinhibition. NCED4 expression was elevated during late seed development but was not required for seed maturation. Heat but not water stress elevated NCED4 expression in leaves, while NCED2 and NCED3 exhibited the opposite responses. Silencing of NCED4 altered the expression of genes involved in ABA, gibberellin, and ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Together, these data demonstrate that NCED4 expression is required for thermoinhibition of lettuce seeds and that it may play additional roles in plant responses to elevated temperature.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	10404651
e-ISSN	1531298X
DOI	10.1105/tpc.112.108902
Journal	THE PLANT CELL ONLINE
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	25
Language	English
Publisher	American Society of Plant Biologists
Publisher Date	2013-03-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Botany Dioxygenases Metabolism Germination Lettuce Enzymology Plant Proteins Growth & Development Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis Genetics Arabidopsis Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Gene Silencing Gibberellins Heterozygote Homozygote Hot Temperature Mutation Plants, Genetically Modified Stress, Physiological Transgenes Research Support, U.s. Gov't, Non-p.h.s.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Plant Science

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