NDLI: The association of earnings with health in middle age: Do self-reported earnings for the previous year tell the whole story?

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Rehkopf, David H. Jencks, Christopher Glymour, M. Maria
Spatial Coverage	United States
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Rehkopf DH ( University of California, San Francisco, United States. drehkopf@psg.ucsf.edu)
Abstract	Research on earnings and health frequently relies on self-reported earnings (SRE) for a single year, despite repeated criticism of this measure. We use 31 years (1961-1991) of earnings recorded by the United States Social Security Administration (SSA) to predict the 1992 prevalence of disability, diabetes, stroke, heart disease, cancer, depression and death by 2002 in a subset of Health and Retirement Study participants (n = 5951). We compare odds ratios (ORs) for each health outcome associated with self-reported or administratively recorded earnings. Individuals with no 1991 SSA earnings had worse health in multiple domains than those with positive earnings. However, this association diminished as the time lag between earnings and health increased, so that the absence of earnings before approximately 1975 did not predict health in 1992. Among those with positive earnings, lengthening the lag between SSA earnings and health did not significantly diminish the magnitude of the association with diabetes, heart disease, stroke, or death. Longer lags did reduce but did not eliminate the association between earnings and both disability and depression. Despite theoretical limitations of single year SRE, there were no statistically significant differences between the ORs estimated with single-year SRE and those estimated with a 31-year average of SSA earnings. For example, a one unit increase in logged SRE for 1991 predicted a 19% reduction in the odds of dying by 2002 (OR = 0.81; 95% confidence interval: 0.72,0.90), while a similar increase in average SSA earnings for 1961-1991 had an OR of 0.72 (0.63, 0.82). The point estimates for the OR associated with 31 year average SSA earnings were further from the null than the ORs associated with single year SRE for heart disease, depression, and death, and closer to the null for disability, diabetes, and stroke, but none of these differences was statistically significant.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	02779536
e-ISSN	18735347
Journal	Social Science & Medicine
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	71
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2010-08-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Medicine Health Status Statistics & Numerical Data Disabled Persons Epidemiology Health Surveys Logistic Models Mortality Odds Ratio United States Social Security Administration Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Health (social science) History and Philosophy of Science

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