NDLI: Exploring the connections between HIV serostatus and individual, household, and community socioeconomic resources: evidence from two population-based surveys in Kenya.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Ishida, Kanako Arnold, Michael Stupp, Paul Kizito, Paul Ichwara, Jared
Spatial Coverage	Kenya
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Ishida K ( Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. kishida@cdc.gov)
Abstract	The positive association between health and socioeconomic status (SES) is well documented. However, available empirical evidence on the SES gradients of HIV serostatus is mixed, and few studies have explored the effects of community SES indicators on individual's HIV risk. Using nationally representative data of women and men from the 2003 Demographic and Health Survey and the 2007 AIDS Indicator Survey from Kenya, we assessed the associations between HIV serostatus and SES as measured by educational attainment and household wealth at the individual/household and community levels. Additionally, we explored changes in these associations between 2003 and 2007. Results from bivariate and cohort analyses showed that during this period, HIV burden shifted from higher to lower SES subgroups at both the individual/household and community levels, particularly among women aged 15-24 years. Results from multi-level logistic regression models showed that this shift was generally significant among women. In addition, communities' collective educational attainment, measured as the percentage of residents with some secondary schooling or higher, was a more significant predictor and protective factor for HIV risk than individual/household-level SES indicators for women in 2007 and men in both years. Our findings highlight the relevance of community-level SES to HIV dynamics in Kenya between 2003 and 2007.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	02779536
e-ISSN	18735347
Journal	Social Science & Medicine
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	74
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2012-01-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Medicine Hiv Seropositivity Epidemiology Residence Characteristics Statistics & Numerical Data Adolescent Cohort Studies Health Surveys Kenya Logistic Models Sex Factors Socioeconomic Factors
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Health (social science) History and Philosophy of Science

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