Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Lépine, Aurélia Vassall, Anna Chandrashekar, Sudha Blanc, Elodie Le Nestour, Alexis |
| Spatial Coverage | India |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Lépine A ( Social and Mathematical Epidemiology Group, Global Health and Development Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, WC1H 9SH London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Aurelia.lepine@lshtm.ac.uk.); Vassall A ( Social and Mathematical Epidemiology Group, Global Health and Development Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, WC1H 9SH London, United Kingdom.); Chandrashekar S ( Social and Mathematical Epidemiology Group, Global Health and Development Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, WC1H 9SH London, United Kingdom); Blanc E ( Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.); Le Nestour A ( University of Otago, Department of Economics, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.) |
| Abstract | Governments and donors are investing considerable resources on HIV prevention in order to scale up these services rapidly. Given the current economic climate, providers of HIV prevention services increasingly need to demonstrate that these investments offer good 'value for money'. One of the primary routes to achieve efficiency is to take advantage of economies of scale (a reduction in the average cost of a health service as provision scales-up), yet empirical evidence on economies of scale is scarce. Methodologically, the estimation of economies of scale is hampered by several statistical issues preventing causal inference and thus making the estimation of economies of scale complex. In order to estimate unbiased economies of scale when scaling up HIV prevention services, we apply our analysis to one of the few HIV prevention programmes globally delivered at a large scale: the Indian Avahan initiative. We costed the project by collecting data from the 138 Avahan NGOs and the supporting partners in the first four years of its scale-up, between 2004 and 2007. We develop a parsimonious empirical model and apply a system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and fixed-effects Instrumental Variable (IV) estimators to estimate unbiased economies of scale. At the programme level, we find that, after controlling for the endogeneity of scale, the scale-up of Avahan has generated high economies of scale. Our findings suggest that average cost reductions per person reached are achievable when scaling-up HIV prevention in low and middle income countries. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 02779536 |
| e-ISSN | 18735347 |
| Journal | Social Science & Medicine |
| Volume Number | 131 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2015-04-01 |
| Publisher Place | Great Britain (UK) |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Medicine Cost-benefit Analysis Foundations Hiv Infections Prevention & Control Organizations Preventive Health Services Bias (epidemiology) Health Services Needs And Demand Program Evaluation Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Medicine Health (social science) History and Philosophy of Science |
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education |
Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in |
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in |
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project |
Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon |
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in |
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in |
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in |
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in |
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in |
|
Loading...
|