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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Brodish, Paul Henry Hakes, Jahn K. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Brodish PH ( MEASURE Evaluation, Carolina Population Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States. Electronic address: brodish@unc.edu.); Hakes JK ( National Longitudinal Mortality Study and Center for Administrative Records Research and Applications, U.S. Census Bureau, United States.) |
| Abstract | Policy makers would benefit from being able to estimate the likely impact of potential interventions to reverse the effects of rapidly rising income inequality on mortality rates. Using multiple cohorts of the National Longitudinal Mortality Study (NLMS), we estimate the absolute income effect on premature mortality in the United States. A multivariate Poisson regression using the natural logarithm of equivilized household income establishes the magnitude of the absolute income effect on mortality. We calculate mortality rates for each income decile of the study sample and mortality rate ratios relative to the decile containing mean income. We then apply the estimated income effect to two kinds of hypothetical interventions that would redistribute income. The first lifts everyone with an equivalized household income at or below the U.S. poverty line (in 2000\$) out of poverty, to the income category just above the poverty line. The second shifts each family's equivalized income by, in turn, 10%, 20%, 30%, or 40% toward the mean household income, equivalent to reducing the Gini coefficient by the same percentage in each scenario. We also assess mortality disparities of the hypothetical interventions using ratios of mortality rates of the ninth and second income deciles, and test sensitivity to the assumption of causality of income on mortality by halving the mortality effect per unit of equivalized household income. The estimated absolute income effect would produce a three to four percent reduction in mortality for a 10% reduction in the Gini coefficient. Larger mortality reductions result from larger reductions in the Gini, but with diminishing returns. Inequalities in estimated mortality rates are reduced by a larger percentage than overall estimated mortality rates under the same hypothetical redistributions. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 02779536 |
| e-ISSN | 18735347 |
| Journal | Social Science & Medicine |
| Volume Number | 170 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2016-12-01 |
| Publisher Place | Great Britain (UK) |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | health inequalities health behavior social epidemiology healthcare policy medical sociology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Medicine Health (social science) History and Philosophy of Science |
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