NDLI: Hydrodynamic fin function of brief squid, Lolliguncula brevis.

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Hydrodynamic fin function of brief squid, Lolliguncula brevis.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Stewart, William J. Bartol, Ian K. Krueger, Paul S.
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Stewart WJ ( University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. wstewart@uci.edu)
Abstract	Although the pulsed jet is often considered the foundation of a squid's locomotive system, the lateral fins also probably play an important role in swimming, potentially providing thrust, lift and dynamic stability as needed. Fin morphology and movement vary greatly among squid species, but the locomotive role of the fins is not well understood. To begin to elucidate the locomotive role of the fins in squids, fin hydrodynamics were studied in the brief squid Lolliguncula brevis, a species that exhibits a wide range of fin movements depending on swimming speed. Individual squid were trained to swim in both the arms-first and tail-first orientations against currents in a water tunnel seeded with light-reflective particles. Particle-laden water around the fins was illuminated with lasers and videotaped so that flow dynamics around the fins could be analyzed using digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV). Time-averaged forces generated by the fin were quantified from vorticity fields of the fin wake. During the low swimming speeds considered in this study [<2.5 dorsal mantle lengths (DML) per second], L. brevis exhibited four unique fin wake patterns, each with distinctive vortical structures: (1) fin mode I, in which one vortex is shed with each downstroke, generally occurring at low speeds; (2) fin mode II, an undulatory mode in which a continuous linked chain of vortices is produced; (3) fin mode III, in which one vortex is shed with each downstroke and upstroke, and; (4) fin mode IV, in which a discontinuous chain of linked double vortex structures is produced. All modes were detected during tail-first swimming but only fin modes II and III were observed during arms-first swimming. The fins produced horizontal and vertical forces of varying degrees depending on stroke phase, swimming speed, and swimming orientation. During tail-first swimming, the fins functioned primarily as stabilizers at low speeds before shifting to propulsors as speed increased, all while generating net lift. During arms-first swimming, the fins primarily provided lift with thrust production playing a reduced role. These results demonstrate the lateral fins are an integral component of the complex locomotive system of L. brevis, producing lift and thrust forces through different locomotive modes.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	00220949
e-ISSN	14779145
Journal	Journal of Experimental Biology
Issue Number	Pt 12
Volume Number	213
Language	English
Publisher	The Company of Biologists
Publisher Date	2010-06-15
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Biology Animal Structures Physiology Decapodiformes Anatomy & Histology Animals Biomechanical Phenomena Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Research Support, U.s. Gov't, Non-p.h.s.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Medicine Aquatic Science Molecular Biology Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Insect Science

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