NDLI: Delayed vasoconstrictor response to venous pooling in the calf is associated with high orthostatic tolerance to LBNP.

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Point: Pulmonary edema does occur in human athletes performing heavy sea-level exercise.

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Delayed vasoconstrictor response to venous pooling in the calf is associated with high orthostatic tolerance to LBNP.

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Counterpoint: Pulmonary edema does not occur in human athletes performing heavy sea-level exercise.

Rebuttal from Hopkins.

Rebuttal from Sheel and McKenzie.

Mild interstitial pulmonary edema occurs during sea level strenuous exercise.

Clarifying the equation for modeling of VO2 kinetics above the lactate threshold.

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Delayed vasoconstrictor response to venous pooling in the calf is associated with high orthostatic tolerance to LBNP.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Hachiya, T. Walsh, M. L. Saito, M. Blaber, A. P.
Description	Country affiliation: Canada Author Affiliation: Hachiya T ( Aerospace Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.)
Abstract	Central blood volume loss to venous pooling in the lower extremities and vasoconstrictor response are commonly viewed as key factors to distinguish between individuals with high and low tolerance to orthostatic stress. In this study, we analyzed calf vasoconstriction as a function of venous pooling during simulated orthostatic stress. We hypothesized that high orthostatic tolerance (OT) would be associated with greater vasoconstrictor responses to venous pooling compared with low OT. Nineteen participants underwent continuous stepped lower body negative pressure at -10, -20, -30, -40, -50, and -60 mmHg each for 5 min or until exhibiting signs of presyncope. Ten participants completed the lower body negative pressure procedure without presyncope and were categorized with high OT; the remaining nine were categorized as having low OT. Near-infrared spectroscopy measurements of vasoconstriction (Hachiya T, Blaber A, Saito M. Acta Physiologica 193: 117-127, 2008) in calf muscles, along with heart rate (HR) responses for each participant, were evaluated in relation to calf blood volume, estimated by plethysmography. The slopes of this relationship between vasoconstriction and blood volume were not different between the high- and low-tolerance groups. However, the onset of vasoconstriction in the high-tolerance group was delayed. Greater HR increments in the low-tolerance group were also observed as a function of lower limb blood pooling. The delayed vasoconstriction and slower HR increments in the high-tolerance group to similar venous pooling in the low group may suggest a greater vascular reserve and possible delayed reduction in venous return.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	87507587
e-ISSN	15221601
Journal	Journal of Applied Physiology
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	109
Language	English
Publisher	American Physiological Society
Publisher Date	2010-10-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Physiology Blood Volume Leg Blood Supply Orthostatic Intolerance Physiopathology Syncope Vasoconstriction Blood Pressure Heart Rate Lower Body Negative Pressure Plethysmography Regional Blood Flow Spectroscopy, Near-infrared Time Factors Veins Comparative Study Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Physiology (medical) Sports Science

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