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Particle capture into the lung made simple?

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	de Vasconcelos, Talita Felipe Sapoval, Bernard Andrade, José S. Grotberg, James B. Hu, Yingying Filoche, Marcel
Description	Country affiliation: France Author Affiliation: de Vasconcelos TF ( Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau 91128, France.)
Abstract	Understanding the impact distribution of particles entering the human respiratory system is of primary importance as it concerns not only atmospheric pollutants or dusts of various kinds but also the efficiency of aerosol therapy and drug delivery. To model this process, current approaches consist of increasingly complex computations of the aerodynamics and particle capture phenomena, performed in geometries trying to mimic lungs in a more and more realistic manner for as many airway generations as possible. Their capture results from the complex interplay between the details of the aerodynamic streamlines and the particle drag mechanics in the resulting flow. In contrast, the present work proposes a major simplification valid for most airway generations at quiet breathing. Within this context, focusing on particle escape rather than capture reveals a simpler structure in the entire process. When gravity can be neglected, we show by computing the escape rates in various model geometries that, although still complicated, the escape process can be depicted as a multiplicative escape cascade in which each elementary step is associated with a single bifurcation. As a net result, understanding of the particle capture may not require computing particle deposition in the entire lung structure but can be abbreviated in some regions using our simpler approach of successive computations in single realistic bifurcations. Introducing gravity back into our model, we show that this multiplicative model can still be successfully applied on up to nine generations, depending on particle type and breathing conditions.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	87507587
e-ISSN	15221601
Journal	Journal of Applied Physiology
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	110
Language	English
Publisher	American Physiological Society
Publisher Date	2011-06-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Physiology Computer Simulation Lung Physiology Models, Biological Respiration Trachea Administration, Inhalation Aerosols Inhalation Exposure Anatomy & Histology Motion Numerical Analysis, Computer-assisted Particle Size Pressure Rheology Time Factors Viscosity Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Physiology (medical) Sports Science

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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